Lung 3 Asthma

Question 1

which t cell type is higher in asthmatics

Answer 1

Th2

Question 2

cytokine responsible

Answer 2

IL-4

Question 3

theory for over production of Th2

Answer 3

missing T bet which is required for Th1 differentiation and INFgamma production

Question 4

Ig responsible

Answer 4

IgE

Question 5

immediate reaction

Answer 5

degranulation of mast cells
swelling
mucus plugs
smooth muscle contraction

Question 6

late reaction

Answer 6

recruitment of basophils and eosinophils

airway damage and inflammation

Question 7

asthma definition

Answer 7

chronic inflammation of airways

Question 8

asthma symptoms

Answer 8

wheezing
breathlessness
tightness
coughing

Question 9

mediators responsible for late phase reaction

Answer 9

major basic protein
eosinophilic cationic protein
leukotrienes

Question 10

aspirin induced asthma

Answer 10

COX pathway blocking shunts AA down lipoxygenase pathway which increases leukotrienes which constrict airways and increase mucus production

Question 11

obstruction reversible or irreversible?

Answer 11

reversible

Question 12

methacholine

Answer 12

challenge drug- reduces FEV1

Question 13

beta agonist

Answer 13

bronchodilator- used if obstructed during baseline testing to see if obstruction is reversible

Question 14

NO and asthma

Answer 14

asthmatics exhale more NO

*disrupted by bronchodilators

Question 15

charcot-Leyden crystal

Answer 15

needle-like crystalized lysophospholipase from eosinophil breakdown in sputum

Question 16

creola body

Answer 16

cluster of desquamated columnar epithelial cells in sputum

Question 17

curschmann’s spirals

Answer 17

basophilic mucus plugs in sputum

Question 18

common environmental triggers

Answer 18

dust mites
pets
molds
cockroaches
occupational

Question 19

comorbidities that exacerbate asthma

Answer 19

GERD
sinusitis
rhinitis

Question 20

long term asthma control

Answer 20

inhaled corticosteroids- reduce inflammation, relax muscles

Question 21

short term asthma control

Answer 21

short acting beta2 agonists

Question 22

symptoms of severe asthma attack

Answer 22

breathless at rest
hunched forward
cannot speak in sentences
agitated