Lung 3 Asthma Flashcards
which t cell type is higher in asthmatics
Th2
cytokine responsible
IL-4
theory for over production of Th2
missing T bet which is required for Th1 differentiation and INFgamma production
Ig responsible
IgE
immediate reaction
degranulation of mast cells
swelling
mucus plugs
smooth muscle contraction
late reaction
recruitment of basophils and eosinophils
airway damage and inflammation
asthma definition
chronic inflammation of airways
asthma symptoms
wheezing
breathlessness
tightness
coughing
mediators responsible for late phase reaction
major basic protein
eosinophilic cationic protein
leukotrienes
aspirin induced asthma
COX pathway blocking shunts AA down lipoxygenase pathway which increases leukotrienes which constrict airways and increase mucus production
obstruction reversible or irreversible?
reversible
methacholine
challenge drug- reduces FEV1
beta agonist
bronchodilator- used if obstructed during baseline testing to see if obstruction is reversible
NO and asthma
asthmatics exhale more NO
*disrupted by bronchodilators
charcot-Leyden crystal
needle-like crystalized lysophospholipase from eosinophil breakdown in sputum
creola body
cluster of desquamated columnar epithelial cells in sputum
curschmann’s spirals
basophilic mucus plugs in sputum
common environmental triggers
dust mites pets molds cockroaches occupational
comorbidities that exacerbate asthma
GERD
sinusitis
rhinitis
long term asthma control
inhaled corticosteroids- reduce inflammation, relax muscles
short term asthma control
short acting beta2 agonists
symptoms of severe asthma attack
breathless at rest
hunched forward
cannot speak in sentences
agitated
