RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Question 1

what are the two aspects of respiration

Answer 1

ventilation
respiration

Question 2

this is the visible structure that forms a prominent feature on the face

Answer 2

external nose

Question 3

this is the open chamber inside the nose where air first enters the respiratory system

Answer 3

nasal cavity

Question 4

the nasal cavity begins at the anterior external openings called

Answer 4

nares

Question 5

it extends to posterior openings into the pharynx which are called

Answer 5

choanae

Question 6

the floor of the nasal cavity is called the

Answer 6

hard palate

Question 7

the nasal cavity is divided into right and left halves and these are separated by the

Answer 7

nasal septum

Question 8

on each side of the nasal cavity there are three lateral bony rings called

Answer 8

conchae

Question 9

within the superior and middle meatuses are opening from the various

Answer 9

paranasal sinuses

Question 10

the nasal cavity also contains the opening of a

Answer 10

nasolacrimal duct

Question 11

this is the inflammation of the mucous membrane of a sinus

Answer 11

sinusitis

Question 12

this is the throat is the common opening of both digestive and the respiratory systems ; it receives air from the nasal cavity and receives air, food, and drink from the oral cavity

Answer 12

pharynx

Question 13

what are the three regions of the pharynx

Answer 13

nasopharynx
oropharynx
laryngopharynx

Question 14

this region of the pharynx is the most superior portion of the pharynx ; it is superior to the soft palate

Answer 14

nasophayrnx

Question 15

it is an incomplete partition composed of muscle and connective tissue

Answer 15

soft palate

Question 16

the extension of the soft palate is known as the

Answer 16

uvula

Question 17

the posterior wall of the nasopharaynx houses the __ which help defend the body against infection

Answer 17

pharyngeal tonsil or adenoids

Question 18

this region of the pharynx is a continuation of the nasopharynx ; middle portion and begins at the soft palate

Answer 18

oropharynx

Question 19

this region of the pharynx is a continuation of the oropharynx ; food and drink pass through this to the esophagus

Answer 19

laryngopharynx

Question 20

commonly known as the voice box ; anterior part of the laryngopharynx and extends from the base of the tongue to the trachea ; it houses the ligaments used for speech an swallowing

Answer 20

larynx

Question 21

if vocal folds become inflamed it is called __; the person loses his or her voice

Answer 21

laryngitis

Question 22

two ligaments in larynx

Answer 22

vestibular or fake
vocal or true

Question 23

commonly known as the windpipe ; allows air to flow into the lungs

Answer 23

trachea

Question 24

the trachea is reinforced with 15-20 C shaped pieces of hyaline cartilage called

Answer 24

tracheal rings

Question 25

the trachea divides to form 2 smaller tubes called

Answer 25

main bronchi or primary bronchi

Question 26

this is an important landmark for reading xrays

Answer 26

carina

Question 27

this consists of the trachea and the network of air tubes in the lungs

Answer 27

tracheobronchial tree

Question 28

which side of the bronchus is larger

Answer 28

the right is larger than the left

Question 29

what are the 4 classes of air passageways

Answer 29

lobar bronchi semental bronchi bronchioles terminal bronchioles

Question 30

secondary bronchi, arise directly from the main bronchi

Answer 30

lobar bronchi

Question 31

tertiary bronchi, supply subdivisions within each lung lobe, which are called bronchopulmonary segments.

Answer 31

segmental bronchi

Question 32

result from continued branching of the segmental bronchi ; 1mm in diameter

Answer 32

bronchioles

Question 33

arise from several subdivisions of bronchioles ; have no cartilage

Answer 33

terminal bronchioles

Question 34

occurs when the smooth muscle relaxes, making the bronchiole diameter larger

Answer 34

bronchodilation

Question 35

occurs when the smooth muscle contracts, making the bronchiole diameter smaller

Answer 35

bronchoconstriction

Question 36

small, air-filled chambers where the air and the blood come into close contact with each other

Answer 36

alveoli

Question 37

what are the multiple levels of branching

Answer 37

respiratory bronchioles alveolar ducts alveolar sacs

Question 38

these have a few attached alveoli.

Answer 38

respiratory bronchioles

Question 39

these arise from the respiratory bronchioles ; The alveolar ducts are like long, branching hallways with many open doorways. The “doorways” open into alveoli

Answer 39

alveolar ducts

Question 40

are chambers connected to two or more alveoli at the end of an alveolar duct.

Answer 40

alveolar sacs

Question 41

how many alveoli are in the two lungs

Answer 41

300 million

Question 42

the location of external respiration in the lungs

Answer 42

respiratory membrane

Question 43

is the space enclosed by the thoracic wall and the diaphragm

Answer 43

diaphragm

Question 44

the primary organs of respiration ; among the largest organs of the body

Answer 44

lungs

Question 45

The portion of the lungs in contact with the diaphragm is the

Answer 45

base

Question 46

The portion of the lungs that extends above the clavicle is called the

Answer 46

apex

Question 47

The _ lung is larger than the _ and weighs an average of 620 g, whereas the other lung weighs an average of 560 g.

Answer 47

right ; left

Question 48

is an indentation on the medial surface of the lung. The hilum is where structures, such as the main bronchus, blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatic vessels, enter or exit the lung.

Answer 48

hilum

Question 49

The lung lobes are separated by deep, prominent __ on the surface of the lung

Answer 49

fissures

Question 50

The left lung also has a medial indentation called the

Answer 50

cardiac notch

Question 51

Blood that has passed through the lungs and picked up O2 is called

Answer 51

oxygenated blood

Question 52

blood that has passed through the tissues and released some of its O2 is called

Answer 52

deoxygenated blood

Question 53

what are the 2 lymphatic supplies to the lungs

Answer 53

superficial lymphatic vessels deep lymphatic vessels

Question 54

The __ are deep to the connective tissue that surrounds each lung, called the visceral pleura.

Answer 54

superficial lymphatic vessels

Question 55

These vessels drain lymph from the bronchi and associated connective tissues.

Answer 55

deep lymphatic vessels

Question 56

these are lined with a serous membrane

Answer 56

pleural cavities

Question 57

The serous membrane that covers the inner thoracic wall, the superior surface of the diaphragm, and the mediastinum is called the

Answer 57

parietal pleura

Question 58

the muscles that decrease thoracic volume by depressing the ribs and sternum

Answer 58

muscles of expiration

Question 58

muscles that act to increase the volume of the thoracic cavity

Answer 58

muscles of inspiration

Question 59

the process of measuring volumes of air that move into and out of the respiratory system

Answer 59

spirometry

Question 60

are the sum of two or more pulmonary volumes

Answer 60

pulmonary capacities

Question 61

the tendency for the lungs to decrease in size after they are stretched.

Answer 61

lung recoil