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2023 Systems Phys > Respiratory - Lecture Questions > Flashcards

Respiratory - Lecture Questions Flashcards

1
Q

T or F

Lungs contain large quantities of elastic connective tissue

A

True

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2
Q

T or F

There are no muscles within the alveolar walls

A

True

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3
Q

T or F

The Pip is greater than the PA

A

False

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4
Q

T or F

Stretched lungs have a tendency to pull inward

A

True

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5
Q

T or F

During inspiration, the Pip increases

A

False

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6
Q

What condition is characterized by air entering the pleural space?

A

Pneumothorax

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7
Q

Which condition is characterized by lungs collapsing to its unstretched size?

A

Atelectasis

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8
Q

What condition refers to an inflammation of the pleural sac?

A

Pleurisy

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9
Q

How does Boyle’s law work in us?

A

As the lungs expand in volume, P goes down
As the lungs shrink in volume, P goes up

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10
Q

What is the driving pressure for airflow into the lungs?

A

Decreasing alveolar pressure

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11
Q

What initally created the driving pressure of airflow into the lungs?

A

Increasing thoracic cavity volume

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12
Q

Why does alveolar pressure decrease and then swing back up, but pleural pressure decreass continuously during inspiration?

A

Alveolar pressure comes back up because it is in communicatin with the outside world

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13
Q

How do you calculate flow rate?

A

Flow Rate = pressure difference/R

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14
Q

T or F

The maxium amount of air male lungs can hold is 4.2L

A

False

6.0L

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15
Q

T or F

The lungs still contain ! 2400 mL of air at the end of normal quiet expiration

A

True

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16
Q

T or F

The work of breathing may be increased when lung compliance is increased

A

True

17
Q

T or F

Surface area is reduced in emphysema

A

True

18
Q

VC + RV =

A

TLC

19
Q

The extra volume of air that can be maximally inspired above typical TV inspiration

A

IRV

20
Q

The volume of air in the lungs at the end of a normal passive expiration

A

FRC

21
Q

TV + IRV + ERV =

A

VC

22
Q

Volume of air that can be inspired at the end of a normal

A

IC

23
Q

Volume of air entering or leaving the lungs in a single breath during quiet breathing

A

TV

24
Q

How adequate is VA?

A

If PaCO2 is high, VA is not adequate for level of CO2

have to look at PaCO2

25
Q

How do we measure the amount of O2 reaching the alveoli?

A

Partial pressure of O2 in alveolus

Alveolar Gas Equation

26
Q

T or F

Alveolar ventilation is best increased by increasing respiratory rate?

A

False

TV

27
Q

T or F

A gas always diffuses down its partial pressure gradient

A

True

28
Q

T or F

Hypercapnia refers to excess CO2 in the arterial blood that is caused by hypoventilation

A

True

29
Q

T or F

The volume of air that remains in the conducting airways, and thus not available for gas exchange, is known as alveolar dead space

A

False

Anatomic dead space

30
Q

The pressure exerted by the weight of air in the atmosphere on objects on the earth’s surface

A

Atmospheric Pressure

31
Q

How much effort is required to stretch or distend the lungs

A

Compliance

`

32
Q

The pressure and volume of a gas are inversely related

A

Boyle’s Law

33
Q

Why would we want to deliver blood to a region of lung that has low O2

A

We want to match ventilation and perfusion

34
Q

Which one tells us how much O2 is in the Blood?
PaO2, SaO2, or CaO2

A

CaO2

consideres PaO2 and SaO2, includes Hb content

35
Q

On one visit a patient has a PaO2 of 85 mmHg, an SaO2 of 98% and a hemoglobin of 14 gm/dl. One year later, her hemoglobin is 7 gm/dl. Assuming no lung disease, what will be her new PaO2, SaO2, and CaO2?

A

PaO2 and SaO2 unchanged
CaO2 reduced

Total CaO2 is half

36
Q

Which patient is more hypoxemic?
Patient A: PaO2 85 mmHg, SaO2 95%, Hb 7 gm%
Patient B: PaO2 55 mmHg, SaO2 85%, Hb 15 gm%

A

Patient A: PaO2 85 mmHg, SaO2 95%, Hb 7 gm%

Hb contributes most to Total O2 in blood because it is stored here

37
Q

In which of the following states would the oxygen content of alveoli resemble the trachea?
A. Emphysema
B. Pulmonary Fibrosis
C. Pulmonary Embolism
D. Foreign body obstruction distal to trachea
E. Exercise

Trachea - O2 = 150, CO2 = 0

A

Pulmonary embolism

Clot blocks blood flow to lungs - no exchange - similar to trachea

2023 Systems Phys (41 decks)

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