Respiratory - Lecture Questions

Question 1

T or F

Lungs contain large quantities of elastic connective tissue

Answer 1

True

Question 2

T or F

There are no muscles within the alveolar walls

Answer 2

True

Question 3

T or F

The Pip is greater than the PA

Answer 3

False

Question 4

T or F

Stretched lungs have a tendency to pull inward

Answer 4

True

Question 5

T or F

During inspiration, the Pip increases

Answer 5

False

Question 6

What condition is characterized by air entering the pleural space?

Answer 6

Pneumothorax

Question 7

Which condition is characterized by lungs collapsing to its unstretched size?

Answer 7

Atelectasis

Question 8

What condition refers to an inflammation of the pleural sac?

Answer 8

Pleurisy

Question 9

How does Boyle’s law work in us?

Answer 9

As the lungs expand in volume, P goes down
As the lungs shrink in volume, P goes up

Question 10

What is the driving pressure for airflow into the lungs?

Answer 10

Decreasing alveolar pressure

Question 11

What initally created the driving pressure of airflow into the lungs?

Answer 11

Increasing thoracic cavity volume

Question 12

Why does alveolar pressure decrease and then swing back up, but pleural pressure decreass continuously during inspiration?

Answer 12

Alveolar pressure comes back up because it is in communicatin with the outside world

Question 13

How do you calculate flow rate?

Answer 13

Flow Rate = pressure difference/R

Question 14

T or F

The maxium amount of air male lungs can hold is 4.2L

Answer 14

False

6.0L

Question 15

T or F

The lungs still contain ! 2400 mL of air at the end of normal quiet expiration

Answer 15

True

Question 16

T or F

The work of breathing may be increased when lung compliance is increased

Answer 16

True

Question 17

T or F

Surface area is reduced in emphysema

Answer 17

True

Question 18

VC + RV =

Answer 18

TLC

Question 19

The extra volume of air that can be maximally inspired above typical TV inspiration

Answer 19

IRV

Question 20

The volume of air in the lungs at the end of a normal passive expiration

Answer 20

FRC

Question 21

TV + IRV + ERV =

Answer 21

VC

Question 22

Volume of air that can be inspired at the end of a normal

Answer 22

IC

Question 23

Volume of air entering or leaving the lungs in a single breath during quiet breathing

Answer 23

TV

Question 24

How adequate is VA?

Answer 24

If PaCO2 is high, VA is not adequate for level of CO2

have to look at PaCO2

Question 25

How do we measure the amount of O2 reaching the alveoli?

Answer 25

Partial pressure of O2 in alveolus | Alveolar Gas Equation

Question 26

# T or F Alveolar ventilation is best increased by increasing respiratory rate?

Answer 26

False | TV

Question 27

# T or F A gas always diffuses down its partial pressure gradient

Answer 27

True

Question 28

# T or F Hypercapnia refers to excess CO2 in the arterial blood that is caused by hypoventilation

Answer 28

True

Question 29

# T or F The volume of air that remains in the conducting airways, and thus not available for gas exchange, is known as alveolar dead space

Answer 29

False | Anatomic dead space

Question 30

The pressure exerted by the weight of air in the atmosphere on objects on the earth's surface

Answer 30

Atmospheric Pressure

Question 31

How much effort is required to stretch or distend the lungs

Answer 31

Compliance | `

Question 32

The pressure and volume of a gas are inversely related

Answer 32

Boyle's Law

Question 33

Why would we want to deliver blood to a region of lung that has low O2

Answer 33

We want to match ventilation and perfusion

Question 34

Which one tells us how much O2 is in the Blood? PaO2, SaO2, or CaO2

Answer 34

CaO2 | consideres PaO2 and SaO2, includes Hb content

Question 35

On one visit a patient has a PaO2 of 85 mmHg, an SaO2 of 98% and a hemoglobin of 14 gm/dl. One year later, her hemoglobin is 7 gm/dl. Assuming no lung disease, what will be her new PaO2, SaO2, and CaO2?

Answer 35

PaO2 and SaO2 unchanged CaO2 reduced | Total CaO2 is half

Question 36

Which patient is more hypoxemic? Patient A: PaO2 85 mmHg, SaO2 95%, Hb 7 gm% Patient B: PaO2 55 mmHg, SaO2 85%, Hb 15 gm%

Answer 36

Patient A: PaO2 85 mmHg, SaO2 95%, Hb 7 gm% | Hb contributes most to Total O2 in blood because it is stored here

Question 37

In which of the following states would the oxygen content of alveoli resemble the trachea? A. Emphysema B. Pulmonary Fibrosis C. Pulmonary Embolism D. Foreign body obstruction distal to trachea E. Exercise | Trachea - O2 = 150, CO2 = 0

Answer 37

Pulmonary embolism | Clot blocks blood flow to lungs - no exchange - similar to trachea