Autonomics - Questions - High Yield Info

Question 1

Parasympathetic Nervous System: Is the preganglionic neuron long or short?

Answer 1

Long

Question 2

Parasympathetic Nervous System: Does the preganglionic neuron synapse with postganglonic neurons near or far from the organ?

Answer 2

Near

Question 3

Parasympathetic Nervous System: Does the Gangloonic Snapse release ACh to activate niotinic or muscarinic receptors on postganglionic neurons?

Answer 3

Nicotinic

Question 4

Parasympathetic Nervous System: Is the postganglonic neuron long or short?

Answer 4

Short

Question 5

Parasympathetic Nervous System: Does the release of ACh activate nicotinic or muscarinic receptors on target organs?

Answer 5

Muscarinic

Question 6

Sympathetic Nervous System: Is the preganglionic neuron long or short?

Answer 6

Short

Question 7

Sympathetic Nervous System: Does the preganglionic neuron synapse with postganglonic neurons near the spinal cord or the organ?

Answer 7

Spinal Cord

Question 8

Sympathetic Nervous System: Does the Gangloonic Snapse release ACh to activate niotinic or muscarinic receptors on postganglionic neurons?

Answer 8

Nicotinic

Question 9

Sympathetic Nervous System: Is the postganglonic neuron long or short?

Answer 9

Long

Question 10

Sympathetic Nervous System: Does the release of NE activate cholinergic or adrenergic receptors on target organs?

Answer 10

Adrenergic

Question 11

Where do sympathetic preganglioni fibers originate?

Answer 11

In the thoracic and lumbar segments of the spinal cord

Question 12

The sympathetic Nervous System:
A. is always excitatory
B. innervates only tissues involved in the fight or flight response
C. Tends to have short preganglionic and long postganglionic fibers
D. Is part of the afferent division of the peripheral nervous system
E. is part of the somatic nervous system

Answer 12

C. Tends to have short preganglionic and long postganglionic fibers

Question 13

___ is secreted by all preganglionic fibers

Answer 13

ACh

Question 14

___ is secreted by sympathetic postganglionic fibers

Answer 14

NE

Question 15

___ is secreted by parasympathetic postganglionic fibers

Answer 15

ACh

Question 16

___ is secreted by the adrenal medulla

Answer 16

NE

Question 17

___ is secreted by motor neurons

Answer 17

ACh

Question 18

___ Binds to muscrinic or nicotinic receptors

Answer 18

ACh

Question 19

___ Binds to α or β nicotinic receptors

Answer 19

NE

Question 20

___ is composed of two-neuron chain

Answer 20

Autonomic Nervous System

Question 21

___ innervates cardiac and smooth muscle, and glands

Answer 21

Autonomic Nervous System

Question 22

___ innervates skeletal muscle

Answer 22

Somatic Nervous System

Question 23

___ Consists of the axons of motor neurons

Answer 23

Somatic Nervous System

Question 24

___ exerts either an excitatory or inhibitory effect

Answer 24

Autonomic Nervous System

Question 25

___ Dually innervates itts effector organs

Answer 25

Autonomic Nervous System

Question 26

___ Exerts only excitatory effect on its effector organs

Answer 26

Somatic Nervous System

Question 27

How does the CNS control muscles and glands?

Answer 27

by transmitting signals to effector organs through the efferent division of the peripheral nervous system

Question 28

What are the two types of efferent output?

Answer 28

the autonomic nervous system and somatic nervous system

Question 29

Which nervous system is under involuntary control?

Answer 29

Autonomic Nervous System

Question 30

Which nervous system is under voluntary control?

Answer 30

Somatic Nervous System

Question 31

Where does the autonomic nervous system supply neurons?

Answer 31

smooth and cardiac muscle most exocrine glands some endocrine glands

Question 32

Where does the somatic nervous system supply neurons?

Answer 32

skeletal muscle

Question 33

What are the two subdivisions of the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 33

sympathetic nervous system parasympathetic nervous system

Question 34

An autonomic nerve pathway consists of a __ chain

Answer 34

two neuron

Question 35

Autonomic Nerve Pathway: The preganglionic fiber originates in the ___ and synapses with ___ in a ganglion ___ the CNS

Answer 35

CNS the cell body of the postganglionic fiber outside

Question 36

Autonomic Nerve Pathway: What happens to the postganglionic fiber?

Answer 36

it terminates on the effector organ

Question 37

Do neurotransmitters elicit the same response from all tissues?

Answer 37

No; response depends on specialization of tissueu cells, not the messenger

Question 38

How does an autonomic fiber effect the organ it innervates?

Answer 38

it either excites or inhibits activity

Question 39

Most visceral organs are innervated by...

Answer 39

both sympathetic and [arasympathetic nerve fibers

Question 40

How does dual innervation effect visceral organs?

Answer 40

sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve fibers generally produce opposite effects in the same organ

Question 41

Why is dual innervation of visceral organs important?

Answer 41

it permits precise control over an organ's activity

Question 42

When does the sympathetic nervous system dominate?

Answer 42

in emergency or stressful situations

Question 43

Why does the sympathetic nervous system dominate in in emergency or stressful situations?

Answer 43

promotes responses that prepare the body for strenuous physical activity.

Question 44

When does the parasympathetic nervous system dominate?

Answer 44

quiet, relaxes situations

Question 45

Why does the parasympathetic nervous system dominate in quiet, relaxes situations?

Answer 45

promotes body maintenance such as digestion

Question 46

What are the two types of AChR that bind acetylcholine and transmit its signal?

Answer 46

Muscarinic and Nicotinic

Question 47

What do muscarinic and nicotinic receptors due?

Answer 47

they are acetylcholine receptors that bind acetylcholine and transmit its signal

Question 48

What type of receptor are muscarinic receptors?

Answer 48

G-protein coupled receptors

Question 49

How do muscarinic receptors work?

Answer 49

they mediate a slow metabolic response via second messanger cascads

Question 50

What type of receptor are nicotinic receptors?

Answer 50

Ligand-gated ion channels

Question 51

All preganglionic fibers and parasympathetic postganglionic fibers release

Answer 51

ACh

Question 52

Sympathetic postganglionic fibers release

Answer 52

NE