RESPIRATORY 2 Flashcards
The pressure exerted by each gas (partial pressure) is directly proportional to the percentage of that gas in the gas mixture
Dalton’s Law of partial pressure
The greater the concentration of a particular gas in the gas phase, the more and faster that gas will go into solution in the liquid
Henry’s Law (Dissolved Gases)
The diffusion rates of O2 and CO2 depend on the partial pressure differences across the membrane and the area available for diffusion
Fick’s Law of Diffusion
Fick’s law of diffusion
transfer of gases occurs by ______ diffusion
simple diffusion
Gas diffusion through the respiratory membrane depends on
- partial pressure differences (pressure gradient)
Gas moves from area of ______ partial pressure to area of _____ partial pressure (Fick’s law)
higher partial pressure
lower partial pressure
Gas diffusion through the respiratory membrane depends on
- surface area
in emphysema, tuberculosis, lung Ca-O2 diffusion is _______ because of surface area for diffusion is __________
decreased
decreased
diseases that cause reduction of SURFACE AREA
1. lung c
2. cavitary t
3. e
common manifestation of these diseases are _______
lung carcinoma
cavitary tuberculosis
emphysema
common manifestation: hypoxia
diseases that contribute to increase THICKNESS
1. pulmonary e
2. pulmonary c
3. pulmonary f
4. p
pulmonary edema
pulmonary congestion
pulmonary fibrosis
pneumonia with mucous secretion
volume of gas that will diffuse through the membrane each minute for pressure gradient of 1 mmHg (DL)
lung diffusing capacity
in emphysema, DL decreases because of alveolar obstruction -> ____ surface area
decreased
in anemia, DL decreases because of less _______ delivery
oxygen delivery
during exercise _______ increases
the more strenous exercise the higher the _______ due to higher _________
diffusing capacity increases
diffusing capacity
metabolic demand
Highest affinity to HEMOGLOBIN
carbon dioxide
on standing, blood flow is highest in the ______ and lowest at the ___
base
apex
Pulmonary blood flow distribution
A decrease in PaO2 causes ____________
hypoxic vasoconstriction
on standing position, perfusion (Q) is highest at the _______ and lowest at the _____
base
apex
ventilation (V) is higher at the ______ compared to the _____ due to lesser perfusion at the _________
apex
base
apex (hehe)
there is higher (V/Q) ratio at the ______ compared to the ________
apex
base
PaO2 from the atmosphere is higher at the ________ than the base due to lesser perfusion in the ______
apex
base AGAIN
there is lesser PaCO2 level at the ________ than the base due to lesser perfusion
apex
tuberculosis predilection survives at the ________
apex region
shunting bypasses the right ______
right ventricle
congenital abnormalities in live birth wherein there is presence of ventricular septal defect
tetralogy of fallot
collapse of alveolar cell
result in decrease in PaO2
atelectasis
