RESPIRATORY 2

Question 1

The pressure exerted by each gas (partial pressure) is directly proportional to the percentage of that gas in the gas mixture

Answer 1

Dalton’s Law of partial pressure

Question 2

The greater the concentration of a particular gas in the gas phase, the more and faster that gas will go into solution in the liquid

Answer 2

Henry’s Law (Dissolved Gases)

Question 3

The diffusion rates of O2 and CO2 depend on the partial pressure differences across the membrane and the area available for diffusion

Answer 3

Fick’s Law of Diffusion

Question 4

Fick’s law of diffusion

transfer of gases occurs by ______ diffusion

Answer 4

simple diffusion

Question 5

Gas diffusion through the respiratory membrane depends on

4. partial pressure differences (pressure gradient)
   Gas moves from area of ______ partial pressure to area of _____ partial pressure (Fick’s law)

Answer 5

higher partial pressure
lower partial pressure

Question 6

Gas diffusion through the respiratory membrane depends on

4. surface area
   in emphysema, tuberculosis, lung Ca-O2 diffusion is _______ because of surface area for diffusion is __________

Answer 6

decreased
decreased

Question 7

diseases that cause reduction of SURFACE AREA
1. lung c
2. cavitary t
3. e

common manifestation of these diseases are _______

Answer 7

lung carcinoma
cavitary tuberculosis
emphysema

common manifestation: hypoxia

Question 8

diseases that contribute to increase THICKNESS
1. pulmonary e
2. pulmonary c
3. pulmonary f
4. p

Answer 8

pulmonary edema
pulmonary congestion
pulmonary fibrosis
pneumonia with mucous secretion

Question 9

volume of gas that will diffuse through the membrane each minute for pressure gradient of 1 mmHg (DL)

Answer 9

lung diffusing capacity

Question 10

in emphysema, DL decreases because of alveolar obstruction -> ____ surface area

Answer 10

decreased

Question 11

in anemia, DL decreases because of less _______ delivery

Answer 11

oxygen delivery

Question 12

during exercise _______ increases
the more strenous exercise the higher the _______ due to higher _________

Answer 12

diffusing capacity increases
diffusing capacity
metabolic demand

Question 13

Highest affinity to HEMOGLOBIN

Answer 13

carbon dioxide

Question 14

on standing, blood flow is highest in the ______ and lowest at the ___

Answer 14

base
apex

Question 15

Pulmonary blood flow distribution

A decrease in PaO2 causes ____________

Answer 15

hypoxic vasoconstriction

Question 16

on standing position, perfusion (Q) is highest at the _______ and lowest at the _____

Answer 16

base
apex

Question 17

ventilation (V) is higher at the ______ compared to the _____ due to lesser perfusion at the _________

Answer 17

apex
base
apex (hehe)

Question 18

there is higher (V/Q) ratio at the ______ compared to the ________

Answer 18

apex
base

Question 19

PaO2 from the atmosphere is higher at the ________ than the base due to lesser perfusion in the ______

Answer 19

apex
base AGAIN

Question 20

there is lesser PaCO2 level at the ________ than the base due to lesser perfusion

Answer 20

apex

Question 21

tuberculosis predilection survives at the ________

Answer 21

apex region

Question 22

shunting bypasses the right ______

Answer 22

right ventricle

Question 23

congenital abnormalities in live birth wherein there is presence of ventricular septal defect

Answer 23

tetralogy of fallot

Question 24

collapse of alveolar cell
result in decrease in PaO2

Answer 24

atelectasis