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PHYSIOLOGY > HEMOSTASIS > Flashcards

HEMOSTASIS Flashcards

1
Q

smooth surface is not conducive to clot formation

has display membrane proteins (thrombomodulin) that inhibit clotting

store von willebrand factor in cytoplasmic alpha granules

A

intact endothelial cells

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2
Q

contain membrane proteins and extracellular matrix proteins (collagen) that normally do not contact blood

A

subendothelial cells

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3
Q

enucleated cells that are fragments of larger progenitor cells called megakaryocytes

production is primarily regulated by thrombopoietan and other growth factors

half life in the blood = 8-12days

A

platelets

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4
Q

vascular spasm/constriction
platelet plug formation

A

primary hemostasis

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5
Q

clot organization
blood coagulation

A

secondary hemostasis

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6
Q

fibrinolysis

A

tertiary hemostasis

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7
Q

reduces the flow of blood from the vessel rupture

A

vascular constriction

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8
Q

platelet adhesion
platelet secretion
platelet aggregation

A

formation of platelet plug

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9
Q

binding of platelet to non-platelet surface: sub endothelial collagen

plasma proteins required for normal platelet adhesion:
thrombin
fibronectin
VWF

A

platelet adhesion

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10
Q

primary ADP stimulates aggregation
Thromboxane A2
serotonin enhance vasoconstriction

A

platelet secretion

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11
Q

END RESULT: platelet plug

A

platelet aggregation

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12
Q

formation prothrombin activator in response to rupture of the vessel and damage

catalytic conversion of prothrombin to thrombin

thrombin acts as enzyme to convert fibrinogen into fibrin

A

clot formation

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13
Q

factors 3 and 4 roman numerals indicate inactive forms as they exist in the _____

A

plasma

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14
Q

proenzymes

________________ are each activated by proteolytic cleavage to become enzymatically active

A

factors 12,11, 9, 7, 10, 11

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15
Q

vitamin k dependent clotting factors

A

2, 7, 9, 10

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16
Q

co factors are non enzymatic proteins that are essential for the optimal activity of the enzymes of the clotting cascade

A

tissue factor (factor 3), factor 8, factor 4 are cofactors

17
Q

platelets contain 3 types of secretory granules which are

A

lysosome
alpha granules
delta granules

18
Q

__________________ are required for promotion and acceleration of almost all blood clotting reactions

except activation of 12 and 11 (intrinsic mechanism)

A

calcium ions

19
Q

physiologic inhibitors of coagulation

A

antithrombin 3
activated protein c and s
thrombomodulin
prostacyclin

20
Q

inactivates thrombin
attaches to thrombin 2a and inactivates it preventing thrombin from converting fibrinogen to fibrin

A

antithrombin 3

21
Q

inactivates antithrombin 3
binds to activated _________ factors

A

9a, 10a, 11a, 12a

22
Q

antithrombin 3 is enhanced and accelerated by presence of ____________ (either naturally released from basophils or given therapeutically as an anticoagulant)

A

heparin

23
Q

produced by liver

vitamin K dependent

inactivates factors 5 and 8

stimulates fibrinolysis

activated by thrombin 2a

A

protein c

24
Q

protein c inactivates factors ________

A

factors 5 and 8 inactivated by protein c

25
Q

cofactor to protein c to enhance its ability to degrade factors 5 and 8

vitamin k dependent and produced by the liver

A

protein S

26
Q

binds with thrombin

thrombomodulin - thrombin complex activates protein c which inactivates factors 5 and 8

A

thrombomodulin

27
Q

natural anticoagulants

A

heparin, anti thromboplastin

28
Q

heparin comes from basophils and mast cells and potentiates effects of antithrombin 3

which inhibits factors ____________

A

9, 10, 11, 12 and thrombin (activated factor 3)

29
Q

inhibits factor 3 (tissue factors - tissue thromboplastin)

A

antithromboplastin

30
Q

________ is necessary for production of prothrombin, factor 7, 9, 10, & protein c

A

vitamin k

31
Q

severe reduction in the number of platelets
bleeding from small venules and capillaries

A

thrombocytopenia

32
Q

widespread coagulation which leads to thrombosis in small blood vessels, increased fibrinolysis and depletion of coagulating factors which leads to generalized bleeding

A

disseminated intravascular coagulation

33
Q

hemophilia which occurs in males
transmitted by women (X chromosome)

A: Factor 8 deficiency 85%
B: Factor 9 deficiency

A

Hemophilia

34
Q

hemophilia A is _______ deficiency

A

factor 8

35
Q

hemophilia b is ________ deficiency

A

factor 9

36
Q

abnormal blood clot develops in blood vesel

A

thrombus

37
Q

freely floating blood clot

A

embolus

PHYSIOLOGY (33 decks)

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