RENAL PHYSIOLOGY 2

Question 1

3 BASIC RENAL PROCESSES

glomerular f, tubular r, tubular s

Answer 1

filtration
reabsorption
secretion

Question 2

3 BASIC RENAL PROCESS

passive moving of water, and solute across the glomerullar capillaries into the bowman’s space

Answer 2

glomerular filtration

Question 3

3 BASIC RENAL PROCESS

involves movement of water or solutes from the tubular lumen into the interstitium and from the interstitium into the peritubular capillaries back into the circulation

Answer 3

tubular reabsorption

Question 4

3 BASIC RENAL PROCESS

involves movement of solutes from the blood into the tubular lumen

Answer 4

tubular secretion

Question 5

ultrafiltrate of plasma
nearly protein free (0.02% of plasma albumin or 10 mg/L)

Answer 5

glomerular filtrate

Question 6

have the same solute concentration as to plasma
Na, K, Cl, Bicarbonate, glucose, urea, amino acids

Answer 6

freely filtered substances

Question 7

sum of the filtration rates of all functioning nephrons
aggregate index of kidney function

Answer 7

glomerular filtration rate

Question 8

_________ emphasizes the excretory function of the kidneys

Answer 8

renal clearance

Question 9

which is the marker that is uses to clinically measure the GFR?

Answer 9

creatinine

Question 10

increase of glomerular filtration coefficient there is a ________ in glomerular filtration rate

Answer 10

increase in GFR

Question 11

the sum of hydrostatic and colloid osmotic forces that either favor or oppose filtration across the glomerular capillaries

Answer 11

starling’s forces

Question 12

Starling’s forces

favors filtration
high pressure

Answer 12

glomerular hydrostatic pressure

Question 13

Starling’s forces

pressure exerted by the presence of the plasma proteins
force opposes filtration

Answer 13

glomerular colloid osmotic pressure

Question 14

____________ arterial pressure tends to raise glomerular hydrostatic pressure, therefore is an increase in glomerular filtration rate

____________ resistance of afferent arterioles reduces glomerular hydrostatic pressure and _____________ glomerular filtration rate

Answer 14

increase
increase
decrease

Question 15

diffusion of substances along or down an electrochemical gradient

passive reabsorption of water by osmosis is coupled to sodium

urea is passively reabsorbed in the Urea concentration gradient in the inner medullary collecting duct facilitated by Urea transporters

Answer 15

passive reabsorption

Question 16

Limitations of transport
substances that are actively reabsorbed
rate of transport is limited due to the saturation of the specific transport system when the tubular load exceeds capacity of the carrier protein

Glucose transport in the proximal tubule

Answer 16

Tm Limited (transport maximum)