Respiratory Flashcards
severe obesity causes what kind of lung function test?
Restrictive lung function test
as the forced vital capacity is reduced
mechanically compresssed chest
VATS pleurodesis?
is what?
what is is treatment for?
primary spon pneumothorax
video assisted thoracoscopic surgergy pleurodesis
drainage of air/fluid
bullae are excised
talc used to promote adhesion
mx options for pneumothorax
conservative ; 2-4 days as outpatient
inpatient if secondary pneumothorax
ambulatory
8FG catheter mounted to an 18G needle and pigtail catheter
first line Mx of COPD?
SABA / SAMA
short acting bronchodilator
salbutamol
ipratropium
Oral theophylline
methylxanthines
bronchodilator
anti-inflammatory
modulates respiratory function
Churg strauss disease
allergy
asthma / allergic rhinitis
nasal polyps
eosinophilia
vasculitis
pANCA
granulomatosis with polyangitis
renal failure
epistaxis
vasculitis
sinusitis
dyspnoea
cANCA
3 criteria for discharge for an asthma attack?
stable for 12-24 hours
ensure good inhaler technique
how long does metabolic compensation take?
days/ weeks
is prednisolone ok in breastfeeding?
30mg yes
Mx of acute asthma attack?
admit
>Life threaten
>severe and not responding
> pregnant
>prev near fatal
O2 - 15l via non rebreath mask
94-98%
bronchodilate:
SABA; inhaled/neublised
pMDI / o2 driven nebuliser
corticosteroid
40/50mg
Ipratropium bromide
IV magnesium sulphate
IV aminophylline
intubate / ventilate
ECMO
Diagnostic Criteria for ARDS?
clinical and
CXR and
po2/fiO2 <40kPa
what is ARDS?
non cardiogenic pulmonary oedema
pulmonary capillary wedge then is normal <19mmHg
Mx of ARDS?
principles
ITU
o2/ventilate
general organ support
Tx underlying abx
prone positioing
rare but important complication of pleural effusion?
if drained too quickly
re expansion pulmonary oedema
Extrinsic allergic alveolitis
mx
avoid trigger
oral glucocorticoids
Ix for Extrinsic allergic alveolitis
imaging: upper/mid-zone fibrosis
lavage: lymphocytosis
IgG
no eosinophilai tho
A1AT deficiency
causes an emphysema like illness
lack of protease inhibitor
When using an inhaler, for a second dose you should wait for approximately?
30 seconds
_____ paraneoplastic feature of SCLC?
SIADH
hyponatraemia
localised wheeze ; bronchial obstruction
upper lobe zone fibrosis
CHARTS
coal workers pneumonconiosis
histiocytosis
ankylosing spondylitis
radiation
TB
silicosis
sarcoid
nasogastric tubes are safe to use when pH is?
<5.5
asthma diagnosis
adults
eosinophil count / fractional nitric oxide
FeNO
1) bronchodilator reversibility with spirometry
FEV1 >12%
PEF variability
asthma diagnosis in children
feNO
>35 ppb
acute asthma
1st line management
nebulised salbutamol w o2
15l non rebreath mask