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Final Year - Passmed > Neuro 4 > Flashcards

Neuro 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

Syringomyelia presents with loss of pain and temp sensation why?

A

compression of the spinothalamic fibres decussating

anterior white commisure if the spine

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2
Q

what is ondansetron?
antagonist / agonist?
acts where?

s/e on heart?

A

5-HT serotonin antagonist

Chemoreceptor trigger zone

QTc prolongation

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3
Q

what is a risk with QTc prolongation?

A

ventricular tachyarrhythmias

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4
Q

what is the typical symptoms of Guillain Barre syndrome?

A

progressive symmetrical weakness

ascending fashion

immune mediated demyelination

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5
Q

what is co-careldopa?

A

levodopa

carbidopa
> decarboxylase inhibitor prevents peripheral metabolism of levodopa

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6
Q

Selegiline

A

monoamine oxidase B inhibitor

decreases the degradation of dopamine in the nigrostriatal pathway

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7
Q

Rotigotine

how is it given

A

transdermal patch

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8
Q

glycopyrronium bromide
can help with what s/e of parkinsons?

A

drooling of saliva

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9
Q

Dawson fingers:

A

hyperintense lesions penpendicular to the corpus callosum

seen in MRI for MS

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10
Q

miosis is?

A

pupil constriction

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11
Q

mydriasis?

A

pupil dilatation occurs in complete 3rd nerve palsy as unopposed radial dilator muscle

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12
Q

thoracic outlet syndrome

A

compression of brachial plexus
subclavian artery / vein

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13
Q

subclavian vein compression

A

painful diffuse arm swelling with distended veins

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14
Q

subclavian artery compression

A

painful arm claudication
ulceration
gangrene

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15
Q

pontine arteries radiate from?

A

basilar artery on brainstem

supply pons

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16
Q

motor tracts descend from the ____?

A

pons to supply limbs
bilateral paralysis

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17
Q

cavernous sinus thrombosis presents with?

A

unilateral facial oedema

photophobia
palsies CN III, IV,V,VI

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18
Q

topiramate and propronalol are ?

A

prophylactic medication for migraines

topiramate is teratogenic

propranalol is contraindicated in asthmatics

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19
Q

First-line treatment for neuropathic pain i

A

amitriptyline
duloxetine
gabapentin
pregabalin

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20
Q

sensation in her armpit is impaired.

A

Intercostobrachial21

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21
Q

Smiths Fracture.

A

median nerve

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22
Q

arm is hanging loose on the side

pronated and medially rotated?

A

brachial trunk c5 c6

Erbs palsy

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23
Q

lumpke’s paralysis involving brachial trunks

A

c8 -T1

t1 can cause horners

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24
Q

surgical neck of the humerus fracture

which nerve at risk?

A

axillary
winds around the bone of the neck of the humerus

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25
Headache linked to Valsalva manoeuvres
raised ICP until proven otherwise non contrast CT
26
phenytoin
binds to sodium channels in creasing refractory period inducer of p450
27
what does intubate mean?
cuffed endotracheal tube
28
LP results for guillain barre syndrome?
rise in protein with normal wcc
29
first line imaging in neurogenic bladder dysfunction?
USS KUB
30
natalizumab
antagonises alpha-4 beta-1-integrin
31
triceps reflex
C7-C8
32
biceps reflex
C5,c6
33
supinator reflex tests
c6,c7 radial nerve
34
why must dopaminergic medicatio be taken on time?
prevent neuroleptic malignant syndrome sudden decrease in dopaminergic activity
35
Acetazolamide
carbonic anhydrase inhibitor used to treat idiopathic intracranial htn
36
s/e of triptans?
tightness of throat and chest tingling heat heaviness pressure
37
Triptans MOA?
h-HT1b 5-ht1d
38
temporal lobe seizure
rising epigastric feeling deja vu lip smacking / grabbing / plucking
39
Todd's paresis
focal seizures vasoconstriction
40
bitemporal hemianopia if it is upper quadrants?
inferior chiasmal compression pituitary adenoma
41
lower quadrant defect
superior chiasmal compression craniopharyngionma
42
Gait loss of heel to toe?
ataxic gait
43
face blindness
temporal lobe of the brain
44
posterior cerebral artery stroke?
visual agnosia contralaterall homonymous hemianopia w macular sparing
45
Superior homonymous quadrantanopias are caused by?
46
GBS is a peripheral neuropathy so would present with?
LMN signs > weakness >hyporeflexia
47
what is a myoclonic seizure?
rapid bilateral upper and lower limb muscle contraction and relaxation lasting around 10 seconds before stopping. shaking but no loss of muscle tone / dropping / loc
48
should all patients with bells be given steroids?
yes if presenting wihtin 72 hours
49
vitamine b1?
thiamine essential for glial cells of the nervous system
50
multiple system atrophy
parkinson plus syndrome characterised postural hypotension impotence
51
mx of steven johnson syndrome?
cease all medications iV access begin fluid hyrdation
52
Pituitary apoplexy mx?
bleeding / infarction IV hydrocortisone due to loss of acth
53
Autonomic dysreflexia can only occur if the spinal cord injury occurs above ______
the T6 level
54
'Young' stroke blood tests
autoimmune thrombophilia screening ANA APL ACL Lupus ESR homocysteine syphylis
55
Tramadol MOA?
DUAL weak opioid agonist reuptake inhibitor of serotonin and norepinephrine
56
Morphine MOA?
mu opiod receptors
57
infantile spasms - wests syndrome
hypsarrhythmia on eeg
58
Benign rolandic epilepsy
paraesthesia 'fizzy' or 'buzzing'
59
Common peroneal nerve lesion
foot dorsiflexion and foot eversion
60
common peroneal nerve emerges from?
sciatic nerve
61
tibial nerve
plantar flexors of ankle and toes sensory loss on sole of foot
62
pudendal nerve palsy
muscles of perineum and genitalia
63
what is features of syncope rather than seizure?
rapid recovery no post ictal presyncopal features

Final Year - Passmed (47 decks)

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