Respiration Flashcards
What is respiration?
Respiration is the process by which energy is released from glucose, stored in food.
What is aerobic respiration?
Where energy is released from glucose, with oxygen.
What is anaerobic respiration?
Where energy is released from glucose, without oxygen.
Where does aerobic respiration take place?
Inside cells, in organelles called mitochondria
Energy can’t be…. only….. and……
Energy can’t be created only moved and transformed
What is the symbol equation for anaerobic respiration?
C”6H”12O”6 +6O”2—–> 6CO”2 + 6H”2O
How many oxygen molecules are needed per molecule of glucose?
6 oxygen molecules are needed per glucose ( also produces 6CO2 molecules and 6 H2O molecules)
What happens (respiration) when we exercise?
Muscles require more energy for extra contractions, so aerobic respiration increases and the cell starts to lose its store of oxygen and glucose.
Why does the heart beat faster when we exercise?
So that more oxygenated blood reaches our cells, this blood also brings increased supplies of glucose and takes away the carbon dioxide and excess water.
Why does your breathing rate increase when you exercise?
As the more you breathe in and out, the more oxygen there is for the cells and the greater the removal rate of the waste products for respiration.
What happens if the exercise is so demanding that there isn’t enough oxygen?
Anaerobic respiration occurs as the cell cannot get enough oxygen quickly enough from aerobic respiration.
What does anaerobic respiration use as its source of energy?
Glucose, the same as aerobic.
Which form of respiration is more inefficient?
Anaerobic respiration is more inefficient than aerobic respiration.
Which form of respiration is more inefficient?
Anaerobic respiration is more inefficient than aerobic respiration, as it can only release up to 2 ATP molecules per glucose molecule compared to aerobic respiration that can release up to 38 ATP molecules per glucose molecule.
What is the waste product for anaerobic respiration? (plants, animals and some bacteria)
Lactic acid
Give the word equation for anaerobic respiration
Glucose–> lactic acid (+ energy released)
What is the issue with lactic acid building up in the muscles?
It causes muscle fatigue and cramp.
After exercise, what is used to break down the lactic acid? And into what?
Oxygen breaks down the lactic acid after exercise into CO2 + H2O which releases the rest of the energy in the process.
What are the products of anaerobic respiration in microorganisms e.g. yeast?
Ethanol and carbon dioxide
What is the word equation for microorganisms anaerobically respiring?
Glucose—>Ethanol + Carbon dioxide (+energy released)
What else can anaerobic respiration in microorganisms e.g. yeast be called?
Fermentation
Both forms of anaerobic respiration happen with the absence of………
Both forms of anaerobic respiration happen with the absence of oxygen
What happens to cells that cannot respire?
They die very quickly
What do all chemical reactions need?
Energy
Which two systems in the body supply the reactants for respiration?
The circulatory system and the respiratory system.
What allows the oxygen and glucose to move into the cells via diffusion?
The capillaries
