Cell Structure & Animal and plant cells- PAPER 1 Flashcards
What is the function of a cell wall and which cell has one?
A plant cell has a cell wall which acts as a skeleton and keeps the shape of the cell.
What is the function of a permanent vacuole and which cell has one?
A plant cell and it is filled with cell sap to keep the cell turgid.
What is the function of the mitochondria and which cell does it apply to?
BOTH animal and plant cells have them, they release energy by respiration here.
What does the cell membrane do?
Controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell (active transport/diffusion/osmosis)
What does cytoplasm do?
It is where most chemical processes take place, controlled by enzymes.
What is an enzyme?
A biological catalyst
What are ribsomes?
They are where protein synthesis occurs
What does the nucleus do?
contains genetic material, which controls the activities of the cell
What are chloroplasts?
contain chlorophyll, which absorbs light energy for photosynthesis
What parts do animal and plant cells share?
a nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitochondria and ribosomes
What parts do only plant cells have?
a cell wall, and often have chloroplasts and a permanent vacuole.
What is a Eukaryotic cell?
They have a membrane-bound nucleus and their chromosomes are linear rather than circular and genetic material enclosed in a nucleus.
What is a Prokayotic cell?
Bacterial cells (prokaryotic cells) are much smaller in comparison. They
have cytoplasm and a cell membrane surrounded by a cell wall. The
genetic material is not enclosed in a nucleus. It is a single DNA loop and
there may be one or more small rings of DNA called plasmids.
