RESPIRATION

Question 1

act of breathing takes in oxygen and giving off the CO2 process of gas exchange

Answer 1

respiration

Question 2

2 types of respiration

Answer 2

pulmonary, cellular

Question 3

what are the respiratory centers?

Answer 3

medulla oblongata and pons

Question 4

muscles of inspiration

Answer 4

sternocleidomastoid
scalenes
serratus anterior
external intercostals
diaphragm

Question 5

muscles of expiration

Answer 5

internal intercostals
transversus thoracis
obliques
rectus abdominis

Question 6

• involves the external intercostal muscles and other accessory muscles (sternocleidomastoid)
• observed by the movement of the chest upward and outward

Answer 6

costal / thoracic breathing

Question 7

• involves contraction and relaxation of diaphragm
• observed by movement of abdomen

Answer 7

diaphragmatic / abdominal

Question 8

common type of breathing in women

Answer 8

costal / thoracic

Question 9

common type of breathing in men

Answer 9

diaphragmatic

Question 10

common type of breathing in children

Answer 10

abdominal

Question 11

normal average and range of newborn

Answer 11

35 (30-60)

Question 12

normal average and range of 1 year old

Answer 12

30 (20-40)

Question 13

normal average and range of 5-8 years old

Answer 13

20 (15-25)

Question 14

normal average and range of 10 years old

Answer 14

19 (15-25)

Question 15

normal average and range of a teen

Answer 15

18 (15-20)

Question 16

normal average and range of an adult

Answer 16

16 (12-20)

Question 17

normal average and range of an older adult

Answer 17

16 (15-20)

Question 18

on average, an individual inspired ___ ml of air and expired approximately ___ ml of air (normal)

Answer 18

500, 450

Question 19

refers to the regularity of the expirations and the inspirations

Answer 19

pattern / rhythm

Question 20

aspects of breathing that are different from normal, effortless breathing

Answer 20

quality

Question 21

quick shallow breaths

Answer 21

tachypnea

Question 22

abnormally slow breathing

Answer 22

bradypnea

Question 23

overexpansion of the lung characterized by rapid and deep breaths

Answer 23

hyperventilation

Question 24

under expansion of the lungs, shallow respirations

Answer 24

hypoventilation

Question 25

cessation of breathing

Answer 25

apnea

Question 26

rhythmic waxing and waning of respirations, from deep to very shallow breathing and temporary apnea

Answer 26

cheyne-stokes

Question 27

difficult and labored breathing during which the individual has a persistent, unsatisfied need for air and feels distressed

Answer 27

dyspnea

Question 28

ability to breathe only in upright sitting or standing positions

Answer 28

orthopnea

Question 29

shrill, harsh sound heard during inspiration with laryngeal obstruction

Answer 29

stidor

Question 30

snoring or sonorous respiration, usually due to a partial obstruction of the upper airway

Answer 30

stertor

Question 31

continuous, high-pitched musical squeak or whistling sound occurring on expiration and sometimes on inspiration when air moves through a narrowed or partially obstructed airway

Answer 31

wheeze

Question 32

gurgling sounds heard as air passes through moist secretions in the respiratory tract

Answer 32

bubbling

Question 33

not a continuous sound, a discrete acoustic events that is interrupted; pooling of secretions sin the lobes of the lungs

Answer 33

crackles

Question 34

fine crackles

Answer 34

rales

Question 35

low-pitched sounds, starts at the larger airway passage (TB passages)

Answer 35

rhonchi

Question 36

suggests movement of air in an inflamed and roughed pleural surfaces

Answer 36

pleural rub

Question 37

indrawing between the ribs

Answer 37

intercostal retraction

Question 38

indrawing beneath the breastbone

Answer 38

substernal retraction

Question 39

indrawing above the clavicles

Answer 39

suprasternal retraction

Question 40

the presence of blood in the sputum

Answer 40

hemoptysis

Question 41

a cough accompanied by expectorated secretions

Answer 41

productive cough

Question 42

a dry, harsh cough without secretions

Answer 42

non-productive cough