HEALTH AND ILLNESS Flashcards
Normally responds as a unified whole but not a series of integral parts
Man as biological being
Man is composed of subsystems that act as a unified whole. What affects one subsystem easily affects the one subsystem(s) within the set.
Open System
He is self-sufficient. He uses up his energy reserves. In doing so, he eventually fails to function and disintegrates
Closed System
How many days without food before a man dies?
43-70 days
- Unique irreplaceable being
- Rational and logical but can be provoked
- capable of relating with others, endowed with capacity to know, to like, to love, and to respond and appreciate the uniqueness of others
Man as Psychosocial Being
The unity of man in body, mind, and spirit
Man as Spiritual Being
allows man to look for the truth
Intellect
expresses man’s own wishes, desire or longing to do - what he has set his mind to do
Will
something that is essential to the emotional and physiologic health and survival of human
Needs
not necessarily needed for survival but enhance the quality of life
Wants
According to Maslow, something is a basic need if:
- Its absence results to illness
- Its presence signals or prevents health
- Meeting an unmet need restores health
Breathing, food, water, sex, sleep. homeostasis, excretion
Physiological Needs
Security of body, or employment, of resources, of morality, of the family, of health, of property
Safety Needs
2 types of safety needs
Physical and Economic Safety
Friendship, family, sexual intimacy
Love or Belonging Needs
Self-esteem, confidence, achievement, respect of others, respect by others
Esteem Needs
Morality, creativity, spontaneity, problem solving, lack of prejudice, acceptance of facts
Self-Actualization
Who stated Health as: A state of being well and using every power the individual possesses to the fullest extent
Nightingale
Who stated Health as: Dynamic state of being in which the developmental and behavioral potential of an individual is realized to the fullest extent possible
American Nurses Association, 1980
Who stated Health as: a dynamic process, which continually changes as the interactions between individuals and their internal & external environments change.
Brill and Kilts, 1980
- a state of well-being
- Aspects include self responsibility, goal, dynamic process, daily decision -making, and whole being
- Engages in attitudes and behavior that enhance the quality of life and maximize personal potential
Wellness
Who stated Wellness as: An integrated method of functioning, which is oriented toward maximizing the potential of which the individual is capable, within the environment where he is functioning.
Halbert Dunn, 1959
Who stated Wellness as: An active process of becoming aware of and making choices toward a higher level of well-being
Bill Hettler, 1979
Who stated Wellness as: A process of moving toward greater awareness of oneself and the environment; it is unique to the individual and purposeful in direction.
Clark, 1986
Who stated Wellness as: The wellness process can be pursued to prevent illness, to assist in rehabilitation, to enhance the quality of life, or to maximize one’s potential
Murray & Zentner, 1989
What are the Wellness Components?
- Physical
- Spiritual
- Intellectual
- Occupational
- Environmental
- Social
- Emotional
- a highly personal state
- Physical, emotional, intellectual, social, developmental or spiritual functioning is thought to be diminished
Illness
An alteration in body function resulting in a reduction of capacities or a shortening of the normal life span
Disease
Involves ways individuals describe, monitor, and interpret their symptoms, take remedial actions and use the health care system
Illness Behvaior
Person comes to believe something is wrong
Symptom Experiences
3 aspects of Stage 1 of Illness
- Physical
- Cognitive
- Emotional
- Individual accepts the sick role and seeks confirmation from family and friends
- There is self-treatment and delaying contact with health care professional as long as possible
Assumption of the Sick Role
Sick people seek the advice of health professionals either on their own initiative or the urging of significant others
Medical Care Contact
Clients ask for 3 types of information during Stage 3 of Illness
- Validation
- Explanation
- Reassurance
After accepting the illness and seeking treatment , the client becomes dependent on the professional for help
Dependent Client Role
The client is expected to relinquish the dependent role and resume former roles and responsibilities
Recovery or Rehabilitation
