BLOOD PRESSURE Flashcards
- measurement of force applied to artery walls
- measure of pressure exerted by the blood as it flows through the arteries
blood pressure
lateral pressure exerted by the blood on the walls of the arteries
arterial blood pressure
highest point of pressure induced by the contraction of left ventricle
systole
lowest point of pressure induced by the relaxation of ventricle
diastole
difference between systole and diastole (normal range: 30-50)
pulse pressure
the average arterial pressure during a single cardiac cycle
mean arterial pressure
formula for MAP
MAP = (2 x diastolic) + systolic / 3
- can be found in the medulla oblongata
- controls neural, hormonal and local negative feedback systems that regulate BP and blood flow to specific tissue
cardiovascular center
pressure sensitive sensory receptors located in the aorta, internal carotid arteries. They send impulses to the CC to help regulate BP
baroreceptors reflex
- sensory receptor that monitor the chemical composition of the blood
- located close to the baroreceptors of the carotid sinus and aortic arch
chemoreceptors reflex
released in response to DHN (dehydration) or decreased blood volume
antidiuretic hormone
increased cardiac output by increasing rate and force of heart contractions
epinephrine and norepinephrine
regulator of blood volume, electrolyte balance, and systemic vascular resistance
RAAS renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
cardiac output formula
CO = SV x HR
resistance offered by the arteriolar vessels to the flow of blood
peripheral vascular resistance
when the BV is low, less pressure is exerted on the walls and BP ___
decreases
a physical property that results from friction of molecules in a fluid
blood viscosity
when blood is less viscous, ___ pressure is required to facilitate blood flow
less
the ratio between RBC and plasma is referred to as the ___
HCT / hematocrit
true or false: during periods women has higher BP
false: they have lower BP
true or false: menopausal women has slightly higher BP
true
medication for increased BP by RAAS
ace inhibitors
medication for increase BP by cathecholamine
beta blockers
cuff too narrow
high BP
cuff too wide
low BP
arm unsupported
high BP
insufficient rest
high BP
repeating assessment
high SDP / low DBP
cuff too loose
high BP
deflating too quickly
low SDP / high DBP
deflating too slowly
high DBP
arm above level of heart
low BP
assessing after meal or while smoking or in pain
high BP
temporary disappearance of sounds normally heard over the brachial artery when the cuff pressure is high followed by the reappearance of the sounds at a lower level
auscultatory gap
