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ANEW-H-Russia > Renewed Terror > Flashcards

Renewed Terror Flashcards

1
Q

What did Stalin ruthlessly enforce after the war?

A

isolation of the non-Soviet world

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2
Q

What were 2 reaons why Stalin ruthlessly enforced isolation of the non-Soviet world after the war?

A

1) national security at a time of emerging Cold War

2) Obsessive fear of ideological contamination

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3
Q

What is an evident sign of Stalin’s obsessive fear of ideological contamination?

A

his harsh treatment of returned prisoners of war and his purge of former army officers and anyone with knowledge of the world outside Russia

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4
Q

Within, the USSR, especially in areas newly incorporated into it (such as _____________ and ________) people needed to show unwavering loyalty, even in the small minutiae of daily life/

A

Baltic States

Ukraine

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5
Q

When was a law passed which outlawed marriages to foreigners?

A

Feb 1947

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6
Q

What was the law in feb 1947?

A

this outlawed marriages to foreigners

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7
Q

What 3 places were under surveillance, with police watching for meetings between Soviet girls and foreign men?

A

Hotels, restaurants and embassies

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8
Q

Who is an example of harsh treatment after returning to the USSR?

A

Leopold Trepper, Polish Communist

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9
Q

Who was Leopold Trepper who is an example of harsh treatment after returning to the USSR from the war?

A

he was a Polish Communist who risked his life as a key leader of the Red Orchestra, the left wing spy ring inside Nazi Germany. He was awarded the medal as a Hero of the Soviet Union, and immediately after deposition in the gulag, released in 1955

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10
Q

Who was a a Polish Communist who risked his life as a key leader of the Red Orchestra, the left wing spy ring inside Nazi Germany. He was awarded the medal as a Hero of the Soviet Union, and immediately after deposition in the gulag, released in 1955

A

Leopold Trepper

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11
Q

Who was head of the security apparatus in the post-war years?

A

Beria

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12
Q

What was the position of Beria post-war years?

A

he was head of the security apparatus, NKVD chief and deputy prime minister

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13
Q

How as the NKVD reorganised?

A

into two separate ministries:
MVD (internal affairs)
MGB (espionage)

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14
Q

What was the MVD (one function of the NKVD?

A

this controlled domestic security and the gulags as an internal affairs branch

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15
Q

How many people were arrested annually for counter revolutionary activities during the last years of Stalin?

A

tens of thousands

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16
Q

c how many war time survivors were went to labour camps?

A

12 million

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17
Q

What did the period after the war become known as?

A

Zhdanovchina

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18
Q

What was Zhdavnovchina?

A

this was the period after the war where Zhdanov had coordinated the great cultural purge launched by Stalin in 1946

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19
Q

Why was it typical of a totalitarian approach to culture to promote the ‘right’ ideology by using culture as a medium for propaganda?

A

as this surprised dissent and creative individualism

20
Q

Why did Stalin want complete Soviet isolation and imprisonement of those who had come into contact with the West?

A

as he feared the spread of bourgeois and decadent western values

21
Q

How did the Zhdanovchina begin?

A

with the purge of two literary works published in Leningrad (e.g the Adventures of a Monkey)- the authors were purged and expelled from the Union of Soviet Writers

22
Q

What happened to writer Pasternak when he was condemned during the Zhdanovchina for his apolitical poems?

A

his girlfeidnd was sent to the gulag

23
Q

Who’s girlfruend was sent to the gulag after he was condemned during the Zhdanovchina for his apolitical poems?

A

pasternak

24
Q

What book is an example of a literary work which was purged and resulted in the author being banned from the Unionof Soviet Writers?

A

The Adventures of a Monkey

25
Q

What was promoted as the true Soviet art during the Zhdanvochina which was a reassertion of that of the 1920’s and 1930s?

A

Socialist realism

26
Q

Why was the great film director Eisenstein attacked for his epic film Ivan the Terrible>

A

as he portrayed the Tsar;s bodyguards as thugs rather than a progressive army

27
Q

What type of novels, plays and films were praised?

A

those which denigrated American commercialism, or extolled Soviet achievements

28
Q

What had suffered bad under the Zhdanov cultural purge?

A

Soviet music

29
Q

How was a great composer intimindated into not performing his music?

A

the Soviet impirsoed his wife

30
Q

Why were scientific developments crippled in 1948?

A

as teaching was based on Marxist principles

31
Q

How was western influence completely blocked? (3)

A

Non-communist foreign papers were unobtainable, foreign radio transmissions were jammed and only a few approved foreign books were translated into Russian

32
Q

What image of Stalin was projected after the war?

A

he was portrayed as th worlds’ greatest living genius, equally superior in all areas of philopshy, science, military strategy and economics

33
Q

How as the image of Stalin as the worlds greatest living genius, equally superior in all areas of philopshy, science, military strategy and economics cultivated?

A

in newspapers, books, plays, films, radios

34
Q

What did it become customary for the first and last paragraphs of any academic article or book to acknowledge?

A

Stalin’s genius on the subject with which they were writing

35
Q

Which historian claimed that Stalin was accorded god-like veneration in the post war years?

A

Gregory Freeze

36
Q

What 2 phrases praised Stalin after the war?

A

Father of all the peoples

Best friend of all the children

37
Q

For how long had Stalin not visited a peasant village or Kolkhoz?

A

for 25 years

38
Q

Where did Stalin spend most of his years after the war, and during the first 2 weeks of war?

A

at his dacha outside of Moscow

39
Q

When did the Stalin cult reach a climax?

A

on his 70th birthday

40
Q

How is it clear that Stalin’s cult reached a climax at his 70th birthday?

A

Moscow’s Red Squar was dominated by a giant portrait of Stalin, suspended in the sky and illuminated by halo of search lights

41
Q

What had towns competed with each other for?

A

for the privilege of re-naming themsleves after him

42
Q

What are 5 examples of towns named after Stalin?

A

Stalingrad, Stalinabad, Stalino, Stalinsk, Stalingorsk

43
Q

What were Stalin prizes introduced for?

A

to reward artistic or scientific work (to counter balance wester Nobel prizes)

44
Q

What were paintings commissioned to celebrate?

A

the mythic great moments in his earlier career

45
Q

The Stalin cult was never enough for Stalin. What 2 thins did nothing to reduce his obsessive fear for his personal power>

A

adulation from the people, nor slavish obedience and flattery from his subordinates

46
Q

Stalin deliberately enginerred an atmosphere of poisonous jealousies and personal rivalries. What were his 2 motives for doing this?

A

his paranoia about possible conspiracies against him and the tactic of divide and rule to prevent any subordinate from being too powerful

47
Q

What is megalomania, which Stalin had?

A

an obsession with excessive power

ANEW-H-Russia (36 decks)

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