INCLASS-Economic+Social Impacts of War Flashcards
After 6 months of war from 1941, what are the 6 losses the Soviet people faced?
- Half the Soviet population under German occupation
- 1/3rd of the nation’s industrial plant under German control
- Iron and steel production dropped by 60%
- 40% of the Railway system was no longer usable
- Livestock reduced by 60%
- Grain stocks reduced by 40%
In the first 6 months of war from 1941, how much of the Soviet population was under German occupation?
half
In the first 6 months of war from 1941what fraction of the nation’s industrial plant was under German control?
1/3rd
In the first 6 months of war from 1941, by what % did iron and steel production drop?
by 60%
In the first 6 months of war from 1941 what % of the railway system was no longer usable?
40%
In the first 6 months of war from 1941 how much was livestock reduced by?
60%
In the first 6 months of war from 1941 how much did grain stocks reduce by?
40%
Where had the FYPs aimed to expand industrial output?
west of the Urals, which was the area most vulnerable to German attack
The FYPs hadaimed to expand industrial output west of the Urals, which was the area most vulnerable to German attack, how did Stalin balance the threat between July-December 1941?
he organised c2,500 separate industrial enterprises to be moved eastwards
Who were conscripted into the armed forces/
All adults not involved in essential war work
By 1944 how many women were serving in the Red Army?
2 million
By what year were 2 million women serving in the Red Army?
1944
How were women treat slightly better at war by the Soviet government? (2)
Women units were given 100 grams more soap ration than men and there was some special all female units
What is an example of an all female special unit?
46th Guards Night Bomber Regiment
What did the Germans nickname the 46th Guards Night Bomber Regiment and why?
“The night witches” in reference to the women pilots turning off their engines mid-flight in attack to be undetected by air defense crews.
how many casualties was there in the first year at war?
4 million
What was a result from the large casualty rate and drafting of the civilian population?
women, children and the elderly had to fill the vacant places in the factories
By what year was over half of the country’s outcome devoted to military expenditure which was the highest proportion of any of the countries involved in WW2?
1942
What year was the lowest point in the Soviet Economic fortunes?
1942
How many million tons of war materials were sent by the USA to the USSR under a lend-lease programme?
17 million tonnes
under what programme did the USA send the USR 17 million tonnes of war materials to bolster the Soviet’s home production supply of weapons and motor transport?
the Lend-lease programme
What was the positive impact of the Lend-Lease programme?
this bolstered the Soviet’s home production supply of weapons and motor transport. Did not have to pay back until after the war
Why was it of special significance that there was a recovery and expansion of the Soviet railway system?
as this enabled troops and supplies to be moved strategically
What year did Soviet forces defeat German forces at Kursk and Stalingrad?
1943