New Industrial centres and projects an the involvement of foreign companies Flashcards
Why were new industrial centres and projects built?
in order to show the modernity and capabilities of the Soviet State
What was the Dneiprostroi Dam which opened in 1932?
one of the largest hydro electric power stations in the world
How many industrial cities grew from the power provided by the Dneiprostroi Dam station?
3
What is an example of an industrial centre which grew form the power provided by the Dneiprostroi Dam?
Zaporizhia
What was the railway called which was built between 1926-1931 from Turkestan to Siberia?
The Turksib Railway
Why was the Turksib Railway heralded as the ‘forge of the Kazakh proletariat’?
as it was designed to create a working class in the steppes
how many workers were needed to build the Turkisb Railway?
50,000
What year was the Moscow Metro built?
1935
Why was the Moscow Metro built in 1935 significant for Soviet Russia?
this is because it was the first underground railway system in the USSR
The Moscow Metro was part of the second Five Year Plan which had focused on what?
urbanisation
Why did the second Five Year Plan focus on urbanisation?
to cope with influx of peasants to the city in the 1930’s
Why was the ambitious architectural MoscowMetro 1935 project designed?
to prove that a socialist metro could surpass the capitalist designs
How was the Moscow Metro of 1935 also propaganda?
as artists were recruited to produce an image that projected a radiant future including marble walls, high ceilings and the use of steel to reflect the USSR’s industrial achievements
What year was the tallest statue of Lenin, 25 meres high, built?
1937
What year was the Moscow Volga Canal constructed?
between 1932-1937
Who built the Moscow Volga Canal?
200,000 prisoners from the Dmitlag labour camp
What was significant about the Dmitlag labour camp, the 200,000 prisoners of which built the Moscow Volga Canal?
it was the largest of its kind in 1934
During the construction of the Moscow Volga Canal, how many prisoners died from the Dmitlag labour camp?
22,000
For those prisoners from the Dmitlag labour camp, how many grammes of bread would they be given if they failed to meet their work quota when constructing the Moscow Volga Canal of 1937?
300 grams
Where was the completely new industrial city Magnitogorsk built?
in the Urals
Where was the completely new industrial city komsomolsk built?
in the Far East of Russia
What were the new industrial complexes such as Magnitogorsk and Komsomolsk intended to showcase?
socialism in action
At Magnitogorsk what was created from nothing?
a gigantic steel plant and a town of 150,000 people
What were workers subjected to in Magnitogorsk?
to constant lectures and political discussions
Where did the people of Magnitogorsk live?
in communal barracks beneath imposing pictures of Lenin and Stalin
Who was the Komsomolsk largely built by although penal labour from prison camps were also used?
by the Communist youth organisation Komsomol which gave it its name
What did the city of Komsomolsk become a centre for?
industries such as machinery, oil refining and shipbuilding
Why was the USSR forced to turn to foreign companies and individuals with managerial and technical skills?
as they needed the necessary expertise for vast projects such as Magnitogorsk
Which American was used to advise on car industry?
Henry Ford
What did Henry Ford to for the Russian car industry>
he advised, and trained Russian engineers in the USA to help to design the car plant at Gorky
What did the Dnieprostroi Dam of 1932 gain experience from?
the construction in Canada
What were 6 American engineers awarded the ‘order of the Red Banner of Labour’ for?
outstanding world in the construction of the DniproHES
Who did the development of the Moscow Metro 1935 depend on?
British engineers
Although the Moscow Metro was built by native workers, the engineering designs construction was handled by the specialists recruited from where?
the London Underground
Why might some foreigners have contributed to the USSR’s construction ideas?
as at a time of Depression, communism presented an attraction to building a new world order
Why might the USSR have used foreigners to help engineer?
as they were an easy scapegoat if things went wrong
Why did the secret police arrest numerous British engineers?
as they had gained an in depth knowledge of the cities geographical layout
