New Industrial centres and projects an the involvement of foreign companies

Question 1

Why were new industrial centres and projects built?

Answer 1

in order to show the modernity and capabilities of the Soviet State

Question 2

What was the Dneiprostroi Dam which opened in 1932?

Answer 2

one of the largest hydro electric power stations in the world

Question 3

How many industrial cities grew from the power provided by the Dneiprostroi Dam station?

Answer 3

3

Question 4

What is an example of an industrial centre which grew form the power provided by the Dneiprostroi Dam?

Answer 4

Zaporizhia

Question 5

What was the railway called which was built between 1926-1931 from Turkestan to Siberia?

Answer 5

The Turksib Railway

Question 6

Why was the Turksib Railway heralded as the ‘forge of the Kazakh proletariat’?

Answer 6

as it was designed to create a working class in the steppes

Question 7

how many workers were needed to build the Turkisb Railway?

Answer 7

50,000

Question 8

What year was the Moscow Metro built?

Answer 8

1935

Question 9

Why was the Moscow Metro built in 1935 significant for Soviet Russia?

Answer 9

this is because it was the first underground railway system in the USSR

Question 10

The Moscow Metro was part of the second Five Year Plan which had focused on what?

Answer 10

urbanisation

Question 11

Why did the second Five Year Plan focus on urbanisation?

Answer 11

to cope with influx of peasants to the city in the 1930’s

Question 12

Why was the ambitious architectural MoscowMetro 1935 project designed?

Answer 12

to prove that a socialist metro could surpass the capitalist designs

Question 13

How was the Moscow Metro of 1935 also propaganda?

Answer 13

as artists were recruited to produce an image that projected a radiant future including marble walls, high ceilings and the use of steel to reflect the USSR’s industrial achievements

Question 14

What year was the tallest statue of Lenin, 25 meres high, built?

Answer 14

1937

Question 15

What year was the Moscow Volga Canal constructed?

Answer 15

between 1932-1937

Question 16

Who built the Moscow Volga Canal?

Answer 16

200,000 prisoners from the Dmitlag labour camp

Question 17

What was significant about the Dmitlag labour camp, the 200,000 prisoners of which built the Moscow Volga Canal?

Answer 17

it was the largest of its kind in 1934

Question 18

During the construction of the Moscow Volga Canal, how many prisoners died from the Dmitlag labour camp?

Answer 18

22,000

Question 19

For those prisoners from the Dmitlag labour camp, how many grammes of bread would they be given if they failed to meet their work quota when constructing the Moscow Volga Canal of 1937?

Answer 19

300 grams

Question 20

Where was the completely new industrial city Magnitogorsk built?

Answer 20

in the Urals

Question 21

Where was the completely new industrial city komsomolsk built?

Answer 21

in the Far East of Russia

Question 22

What were the new industrial complexes such as Magnitogorsk and Komsomolsk intended to showcase?

Answer 22

socialism in action

Question 23

At Magnitogorsk what was created from nothing?

Answer 23

a gigantic steel plant and a town of 150,000 people

Question 24

What were workers subjected to in Magnitogorsk?

Answer 24

to constant lectures and political discussions

Question 25

Where did the people of Magnitogorsk live?

Answer 25

in communal barracks beneath imposing pictures of Lenin and Stalin

Question 26

Who was the Komsomolsk largely built by although penal labour from prison camps were also used?

Answer 26

by the Communist youth organisation Komsomol which gave it its name

Question 27

What did the city of Komsomolsk become a centre for?

Answer 27

industries such as machinery, oil refining and shipbuilding

Question 28

Why was the USSR forced to turn to foreign companies and individuals with managerial and technical skills?

Answer 28

as they needed the necessary expertise for vast projects such as Magnitogorsk

Question 29

Which American was used to advise on car industry?

Answer 29

Henry Ford

Question 30

What did Henry Ford to for the Russian car industry>

Answer 30

he advised, and trained Russian engineers in the USA to help to design the car plant at Gorky

Question 31

What did the Dnieprostroi Dam of 1932 gain experience from?

Answer 31

the construction in Canada

Question 32

What were 6 American engineers awarded the ‘order of the Red Banner of Labour’ for?

Answer 32

outstanding world in the construction of the DniproHES

Question 33

Who did the development of the Moscow Metro 1935 depend on?

Answer 33

British engineers

Question 34

Although the Moscow Metro was built by native workers, the engineering designs construction was handled by the specialists recruited from where?

Answer 34

the London Underground

Question 35

Why might some foreigners have contributed to the USSR’s construction ideas?

Answer 35

as at a time of Depression, communism presented an attraction to building a new world order

Question 36

Why might the USSR have used foreigners to help engineer?

Answer 36

as they were an easy scapegoat if things went wrong

Question 37

Why did the secret police arrest numerous British engineers?

Answer 37

as they had gained an in depth knowledge of the cities geographical layout