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Dental Physio > Renal - Pt 2 Filtration > Flashcards

Renal - Pt 2 Filtration Flashcards

1
Q

Filtration Fraction: [] of [] [] [] filters into Bowman’s Space.

A

1/5 of Renal Plasma Flow filters into Bowman’s Space.

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2
Q
  • Renal Plasma Flow: 20-25% of Cardiac Output [] going to the kidney
A

Fluid

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3
Q

What is the normal Renal Plasma Flow quantity?

A

625 mL/min

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4
Q

What is the normal GFR (Glomelular filtration Rate) quantity?

A

125 mL/min

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5
Q

What are the 3 main components to the filtration membrane…

  1. [] cells- contain intercellular clefts similar to those of systemic capillaries. May also have small []
  2. [] of the endothelial cells and podocytes
  3. [] extensions of the podocytes
A
  1. Endothelial cells- contain intercellular clefts similar to those of systemic capillaries. May also have small fenestrations
  2. Basement membranes of the endothelial cells and podocytes
  3. Interdigitating extensions of the podocytes
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6
Q

T/F

Even though the filtrations membrane of the Glomerulus has fenestrations, it is functionaly similar to those of Sinusoidal capillaries.

A

False

The filtration membranes have fenestrations, but with the fused basement membrane/podocytes…this membrane acts similar to systemic capillary membranes.

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7
Q

Podocytes encircle [] and act as the [] layer of Bowman’s Capsule

A

Podocytes encircle capillaries and act as the visceral layer of Bowman’s Capsule

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8
Q

What are the 3 pressures at the Glomerulus?

A

Glomerular Blood Hydrostatic Pressure - 45 mmHg

Capsular Hydrostatic Pressure - 10 mmHg

Blood Colloid Osmotic Pressure - 27 mmHg

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9
Q
  1. What glomerulus pressures promote filtration?
  2. What glomerulus pressures promote reabsorption?
A
  1. Glomerular blood hydrostatic Pressure
  2. Capsular Hydrostatic Pressue and Blood Colloid Osmotic Pressure
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10
Q

Net filtration in the glomeruli should always be a [] number and should always be “[].”

A

Net filtration in the glomeruli should always be a (+) number and should always be “net filtrating.”

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11
Q

Glomerular Filtration rate - amount of [] formed in all the renal corpuscles of both kdineys each minute

  • []-[] mL/min
  • More than []% reabsorbed.
A

Glomerular Filtration rate - amount of filtrate formed in all the renal corpuscles of both kdineys each minute

  • 120-125 mL/min
  • More than 99% reabsorbed.
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12
Q

In what 3 ways is glomerular filtration controlled?

A
  1. Renal Autoregulation
    1. Myogenic Mechanism
    2. Tubuloglomerular Feedback
  2. Neural Regulation
  3. Hormones
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13
Q

T/F

An abnormally low glomerular filtration rate could lead to dehydration?

A

FALSE

An abnormally low glomerular filtrations rate would probably lead to edema.

An abnormally high glomerular filtration rate would probably lead to dehydration

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14
Q

[] refers to the concept that the kidneys are able to maintain these values under changing conditions of [] [] pressures.

A

Autoregulation refers to the concept that the kidneys are able to maintain these values under changing conditions of entering arterial pressures.

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15
Q

T/F

The myogenic mechanism is a form of autoregulation?

A

TRUE

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16
Q
  • If the blood pressure within the [] arteriole becomes too great, this causes the wall of the blood vessel to []
  • Stretching of the afferent arteriole leads to the opening of [] [] in the vascular smooth muscle
  • This triggers [] of the SM withint the afferent arteriole, thus [] the resistance of the blood vessel.
A
  • If the blood pressure within the afferent arteriole becomes too great, this causes the wall of the blood vessel to stretch
  • Stretching of the afferent arteriole leads to the opening of calcium channels in the vascular smooth muscle
  • This triggers contraction of the SM within the afferent arteriole, thus increasing the resistance of the blood vessel.
17
Q

The myogenic response in the afferent arteriole aims to decreases GFR back to its [] level.

A

The myogenic response in the afferent arteriole aims to decreases GFR back to its normal level.

18
Q

Filtered load = []

A

Filtered load = GFR x Psolute​​

19
Q

[] feedback - process in which the nephron monitors the concentrations of sodium and chloride ions arriving at the junction of the TAL and DCT.

A

Tubuloglomerular Feedback

20
Q

Tubuloglomerular feedback - process in which the nephron monitors the concentrations of [] and [] ions arriving at the junction of the [] and [].

A

Tubuloglomerular feedback - process in which the nephron monitors the concentrations of sodium and chloride ions arriving at the junction of the TAL and DCT.

21
Q

The juxtaglomerular apparatus is composed of [] [] cells and [] cells.

A

macula densa cells and juxtaglomerular cells

22
Q

The macula densa cells are located at the junction of the [] and [], where they detect the arriving levels of [] and [] ions

A

The macula densa cells are located at the junction of the TAL and DCT, where they detect the arriving levels of sodium and chloride ions

23
Q

The juxtaglomerular cells are [] cells located in the [] arteriole.

A

The juxtaglomerular cells are contractile cells located in the afferent arteriole.

24
Q

[] in GFR –> [] [] cells of JGA detect [] delivery of Na+ and/or Cl- –> [] secretion of [] [] by JG cells –> [] arteriole constricts

A

Increase in GFR –> Macula Densa cells of JGA detect increase delivery of Na+ and/or Cl- –> Decreased secretion of nitric oxide by JG cells –> Afferent arteriole constricts

25
Q

What is the effect:

  • SNS-NE constricts mainly the afferent arteriole
  • [] RPF
  • [] GFR
A
  • SNS-NE constricts mainly the afferent arteriole
  • Decrease RPF
  • Decrease GFR
26
Q

What is the effect:

  • Angiotensin II - constricts both the afferent and efferent arterioles
  • [] RPF
  • [] GFR
A
  • Angiotensin II - constricts both the afferent and efferent arterioles
  • Decrease RPF
  • Decrease GFR, but a lesser decrease than RPF
27
Q

What is the effect:

  • Prostaglandins - dialtes afferent and efferent arterioles
  • [] RPF
  • []GFR
A
  • Prostaglandins - dialtes afferent and efferent arterioles
  • Increase RPF
  • May not change GFR - depends on the levels of prostaglandins.
28
Q

What is the effect:

  • ANP - dilates afferent arterioles and constricts efferent arterioles (happens when we have [] blood volume)
  • [] RPF
  • [] GFR
A
  • ANP - dilates afferent arterioles and constricts efferent arterioles (happens when we have high blood volume)
  • increase RPF
  • increase GFR

Dental Physio (36 decks)

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