Religion Study Guide Ch. 4 Test

Question 1

There are 3 main abuses of power by Church leadership during the Middle Ages

Answer 1

Simony, lay investiture and nepotism

Question 2

A system of economic and political relationships, often described with a triangle

Answer 2

Feudalism

Question 3

3 of the reforms to Church leadership that came from the Cluny monastery in France

Answer 3

Elections of the abbot (free of outside influence); prayer; sacrifice

Question 4

3 of the reforms to Church leadership that came from some of the medieval popes

Answer 4

Celibacy; college of cardinals; excommunication; Crusades; political alliances

Question 5

These factors led to the decline of Christendom

Answer 5

The break up of Roman Empire; a new wave of invasions; lack of a central authority

Question 6

2 main reasons for the Crusades

Answer 6

To take back the Holy Land; to defend the faith

Question 7

The mixed results of the Crusades

Answer 7

Violence, death but also an opening of trade and new ideas

Question 8

An aspect of culture that broadened the gap between East and West in the Church

Answer 8

Language

Question 9

Mutual excommunications happened in this year, thus causing the East-West Schism

Answer 9

1054

Question 10

One of the controversies that led to the Great Schism

Answer 10

Filioque controversy; iconoclast; battle over bishop of Sicily

Question 11

2 examples of mendicant orders studied in this chapter

Answer 11

Franciscans; Dominicans; Poor Clares; Augustinians

Question 12

Some distinguishing aspects of mendicant life from monastic life (i.e contrast the 2)

Answer 12

Lived among the people vs lived secluded, apart from people; begged to survive vs self sufficient

Question 13

An example of monastic orders (from Ch. 3)

Answer 13

Benedictine

Question 14

Distinctive clothing for Dominicans that gave them their nickname

Answer 14

Black cloak over white robes; the Black Friars

Question 15

2 purposes served by mendicants living among the people rather than apart like the monastics

Answer 15

To serve the needs of the people, to be a witness of simple gospel values by their way of life

Question 16

The type of Church architecture that reflects the worldview of Church as a fortress, protectors

Answer 16

Romanesque

Question 17

Type of Church architecture that reflects the worldview of letting in God’s light and glory

Answer 17

Gothic

Question 18

Type of education that granted degrees and where authority resided in the professors

Answer 18

From the North, like University of Paris

Question 19

Type of education that granted licenses and where authority resided in teh students

Answer 19

From the South, like University of Bologna

Question 20

Primary way of learning at this time

Answer 20

Listening & memorization - books were limited, expensive

Question 21

A term used to describe a time in the Middle Ages when the Church and Western society were one

Answer 21

Christendom

Question 22

An initiative that intended to make roads and cities safer for pilgrims and traveling merchants

Answer 22

Peace of God

Question 23

A time dominated by political chaos and disease

Answer 23

Dark Ages

Question 24

The government system that prevailed in Europe in the Middle Ages in which a lord granted land in return for military services

Answer 24

Feudalism

Question 25

The practice whereby secular leaders choose bishops for their territories, usurping the right of the Pope to choose them

Answer 25

Lay investiture

Question 26

A religious follower, for example, of St. Francis of Assisi, who relies only on begging to survive

Answer 26

Mendicant

Question 27

Passing on benefits or lads to one’s children or relatives

Answer 27

Nepotism

Question 28

Program of the Church, in collaboration with secular authorities, to judge the guilt of suspected heretics with the goal of getting them to repent

Answer 28

Papal Inquisition

Question 29

Territory in modern day central Italy that was overseen by the pope from the 8th century until 1870

Answer 29

Papal States

Question 30

The final cleansing away of sin and all consequence of sin

Answer 30

Purgatory

Question 31

A general term that encompasses the theological and philosophical system developed by major Catholic thinkers, notably STA

Answer 31

Scholasticism

Question 32

Outlawed combat from Wed evening to Mon morning as well as religious holidays

Answer 32

Truce of God

Question 33

The practice of buying and selling of leadership positions or favor within the Church

Answer 33

Simony

Question 34

The dogma stating that the substance of bread and win becomes the substance of the body and blood of Christ - at the consecration of the mass

Answer 34

Transubstantiation

Question 35

Papal bull issued by Pope Boniface VII in 1302 that asserted that Popes had authority over secular rulers in both spiritual and temporal affairs and that being subject to the Pope was necessary for salvation

Answer 35

Unam Sanctum

Question 36

Issued 2 papal bulls to combat nationalism and made strongest claim of papal supremacy

Answer 36

Pope Boniface VII

Question 37

Former monk; as Pope issued reforms including clerical celibacy; saw the Church above all human societies claiming Pope has absolute spiritual and temporal power

Answer 37

Pope Gregory VII

Question 38

Pleaded with Pope Gregory to return papacy to Rome

Answer 38

St. Catherine of Sienna

Question 39

Good friend and protege of St. Francis, founder of the order known as the Poor Clares, based on the Rule of St. Francis

Answer 39

St. Clare of Assisi

Question 40

Founded the Order of Preachers (aka the Dominicans) to combat heresies, notably Albigensianism

Answer 40

St. Dominic Guzman

Question 41

Founded the Order of Friars Minor (aka the Franciscans), lived a life of simplicity ad poverty bringing Christ to the marketplace

Answer 41

St. Francis of Assisi

Question 42

Excommunicated by Pope Gregory over lay investiture; was forgiven but then deposed Pope Gregory and set up his own puppet Pope

Answer 42

Emperor Henry IV

Question 43

Arabian merchant whose vision led him to establish religion of Islam

Answer 43

Muhammed

Question 44

Famous quote of St. Francis that reflects his order’s way of life; it’s what he told the brothers before he sent them out

Answer 44

Preach the Gospel always, and if you have to, use words