Biology Ch. 7 Vocab Test

Question 1

Basic unit of structure and organization of all living organisms

Answer 1

Cell

Question 2

States that (1) organisms are made of one or more cells; (2) cells are the basic unit of life; and (3) all cells come only from other cells

Answer 2

Cell theory

Question 3

Flexible, selectively permeable boundary that helps control what enters and leaves the cell

Answer 3

Plasma membrane

Question 4

Specialized internal cell structure that carries out specific cell functions such as protein synthesis and energy transformation

Answer 4

Organelle

Question 5

Unicellular organism with membrane-bound nucleus and organelles

Answer 5

Eukaryotic cell

Question 6

In eukaryotic cells, the central membrane-bound organelle that manages cellular functions and contains DNA

Answer 6

Nucleus

Question 7

Microscopic, unicellular organism without a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles

Answer 7

Prokaryotic Cell

Question 8

Property of the plasma membrane that allows it to control movement of substance into or out of the cell

Answer 8

Selective Permeability

Question 9

Plasma membranes layers composed at phospholipid molecules arranged with polar heads facing the outside and nonpolar tails facing the inside.

Answer 9

Phospholipid bilayer

Question 10

Protein that moves substances or wastes through the plasma membrane

Answer 10

Transport Protein

Question 11

A plasma membrane with components constantly in motion sliding past one another or written the lipid bilayer

Answer 11

Fluid Mosaic Model

Question 12

Semifluid material inside the cell’s plasma membrane

Answer 12

Cytoplasm

Question 13

Supporting network of protein fibers that provide a framework for the cell within the cytoplasm

Answer 13

Cytoskeleton

Question 14

Simple cell organelle that helps manufacture proteins

Answer 14

Ribosome

Question 15

The site of ribosome production within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells

Answer 15

Nucleolus

Question 16

Highly, folded membrane system in eukaryotic cells that is the site for protein and lipid synthesis

Answer 16

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 17

Flattened stack of tubular membranes that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins into vesicles and transports them to other organelles in or out of the cell

Answer 17

Golgi Apparatus

Question 18

Membrane-bound vesicle for temporary storage of materials such as food, enzymes, and waters

Answer 18

Vacuole

Question 19

Vesicle that uses enzymes to digest excess or worn-out cellular substances

Answer 19

Lysosome

Question 20

Organelle that plays a role in cell division and its made of microtubules

Answer 20

Centriole

Question 21

Membrane-bound organelles that converts fuel into energy that is available to the rest of the cell

Answer 21

Mitochondrion

Question 22

Double-membrane organelle that captures light energy and converts it to chemical energy through photosynthesis

Answer 22

Chloroplast

Question 23

In plants, the rigid barrier that surrounds the outside of the plasma membrane is made of cellulose, and provides support and protection to the cell

Answer 23

Cell Wall

Question 24

Short, hairlike projection that functions in cell movement

Answer 24

Cilium

Question 25

Long, tail-like projection with whiplike or propeller motion that helps a cell move

Answer 25

Flagellum