Biology Ch. 15 Sec. 1 + 2 Vocab

Question 1

Darwin’s term for the selective breeding of organisms selected for certain traits in order to produce offspring having those traits

Answer 1

Artificial selection

Question 2

Theory of evolution developed by Darwin, based on four ideas: excess reproduction, variations, inheritance, and the advantages of specific traits in an environment

Answer 2

Natural selection

Question 3

Hereditary changes in groups of living organisms over time

Answer 3

Evolution

Question 4

New feature that had not appeared in common ancestors

Answer 4

Derived trait

Question 5

More-primitive characteristic that appeared in common ancestors

Answer 5

Ancestral trait

Question 6

Anatomically similar structure inherited from a common ancestor

Answer 6

Homologous structure

Question 7

Reduced form of a functional structure that indicates shared ancestry

Answer 7

Vestigial structure

Question 8

Structure that has the same function but different construction and was not inherited from a common ancestor

Answer 8

Analogous structure

Question 9

Organism’s early pre birth stage of development

Answer 9

Embryo

Question 10

Study of the distribution of plants and animals on Earth

Answer 10

Biogeography

Question 11

Measure of a trait’s relative contribution to the following generation

Answer 11

Fitness

Question 12

Morphological adaptations that allow organisms to blend into their surroundings

Answer 12

Camouflage

Question 13

Morphological adaptation in which one species evolves to resemble another species for protection or other advantages

Answer 13

Mimicry