Religion Ch. 4 Vocabulary Flashcards
A term used to describe a time in the Middle Ages when the Church and Western society were one
Christendom
A time dominated by political chaos and disease
Dark Ages
The government system that prevailed in Europe in the Middle Ages in which a lord granted land in return for military services
Feudalism
The practice whereby secular leaders choose bishops for their territories, usurping the right of the Pope to choose them
Lay investiture
A religious follower, for example, of St. Francis of Assisi, who relies only on begging to survive
Mendicant
Passing on benefits or lads to one’s children or relatives
Nepotism
Program of the Church, in collaboration with secular authorities, to judge the guilt of suspected heretics with the goal of getting them to repent
Papal Inquisition
Territory in modern day central Italy that was overseen by the pope from the 8th century until 1870
Papal States
The final cleansing away of sin and all consequence of sin
Purgatory
A general term that encompasses the theological and philosophical system developed by major Catholic thinkers, notably STA
Scholasticism
The practice of buying and selling of leadership positions or favor within the Church
Simony
The dogma stating that the substance of bread and win becomes the substance of the body and blood of Christ - at the consecration of the mass
Transubstantiation
Papal bull issued by Pope Boniface VII in 1302 that asserted that Popes had authority over secular rulers in both spiritual and temporal affairs and that being subject to the Pope was necessary for salvation
Unam Sanctum
Issued 2 papal bulls to combat nationalism and made strongest claim of papal supremacy
Pope Boniface VII
Former monk; as Pope issued reforms including clerical celibacy; saw the Church above all human societies claiming Pope has absolute spiritual and temporal power
Pope Gregory VII
