Biology Ch. 17 Vocabulary

Question 1

Grouping of organisms or objects based on a set of criteria that helps organize, communicate, and retain information

Answer 1

Classification

Question 2

Branch of biology that identifies, ames, and classifies species based on their natural relationships

Answer 2

Taxonomy

Question 3

Linnaeus’s system of naming organisms, which gives a scientific two-word Latin name to each species- the first part is the genus name and the second is the specific epithet

Answer 3

Binomial nomeclature

Question 4

Named group of organisms, such as a phylum, genus, or species

Answer 4

Taxon

Question 5

Taxonomic group of closely related species with a common ancester

Answer 5

Genus

Question 6

Taxonomic group of similar, related genera that is smaller than an order and larger than a genus

Answer 6

Family

Question 7

Taxonomic group that contains related families

Answer 7

Order

Question 8

Taxonomic group that contains one or more related orders

Answer 8

Class

Question 9

Taxonomic group of related classes

Answer 9

Phylum

Question 10

Taxonomic term used instead of phylum to group related classes of plants and bacteria

Answer 10

Division

Question 11

Taxonomic group of related phyla or divisions

Answer 11

Kingdom

Question 12

Taxonomic group of one or more kingdoms

Answer 12

Domain

Question 13

Evolutionary history of a species

Answer 13

Phylogeny

Question 14

Inherited morphological or biochemical feature that varies among species and can be used to determine patterns of descent

Answer 14

Character

Question 15

Model that uses comparisons of DNA sequences to estimate phylogeny and rate of evolutionary change

Answer 15

Molecular clock

Question 16

Taxonomic method that models evolutionary relationships based on shared derived characters and phylogenetic trees

Answer 16

Cladistics

Question 17

Diagram with branches that represents the hypothesized phylogeny or evolution of a species or group; uses bioinformatics, morphological studies, ad information from DNA studies

Answer 17

Cladogram

Question 18

Prokaryotes whose cell walls do not contain peptidoglycan

Answer 18

Archaea

Question 19

Unicellular, multicellular, or colonial eukaryote whose cell walls may contain cellulose; can be plantlike, animal-like, or fungus like

Answer 19

Protist

Question 20

Unicellular or multicellular eukaryote that is stationary, absorbs nutrients from organic materials in the environment, and has cell walls that contain chitin

Answer 20

Fungus

Question 21

Order in diversity

Answer 21

Domain - Kingdom - Phylum - Class - Order - Family - Genus - Species

Question 22

Three domains and what kingdom they corresponded with.

Answer 22

1. Domain Bacteria (corresponding to Kingdom Eubacteria)
2. Domain Archaea (corresponding to kingdom Archaebacteria)
3. Domain Eukarya (corresponding to kingdoms Fungi; Plantae; Animalis; and kingdom “Protista”