QuizExtra Flashcards
_________ are long, semi rigid and filamentous appendage, aids in motility.
- acts as a spinning motor, propels cell in forward direction
- _______ motility involves expenditure of cellular energy
flagella
Flagellum has 3 basic parts(acts like PAMP)
_______ long whiplike structure of constant diameter
-no covering
- structural component globular protein
Filament
Flagellum has 3 basic parts(acts like PAMP)
_______ wider part to which filament is attached
Hook
Flagellum has 3 basic parts(acts like PAMP)
_______ anchors flagellum to the cell wall and membrane
-includes a central rod inserted into a series of rings
Gram Positive _______
Gram Negative _______
Basal Body Gram positive - one pair of rings which is attached to plasma membrane. Gram negative - two pair of rings outer pair attaches to cell wall inner pair attaches to plasma membrane
Flagella arrangement:
______ single polar flagella ex. pseudomonas aeroginosa
monotrichous
Flagella arrangement:
_____ flagella distributed over entire surface, functions in unison as a single unit
peritrichous
Flagella arrangement:
_______ tuft of flagella at each end of cell
ex. spirlillum voutans
amphitrichous
flagella arrangement:
______ two or more flagella at at one pole of cell
ex: helicobacter pylorii, helps bacteria to cross the mucosal coating of the intestinal epithelium (virulence factor)
lophotrichous
chemical (chemotaxis)
attractant (ex.nutrient) cells move towards it ______
repellent (ex.toxic, heat) cells move away from it ________
positive taxis
negative taxis
Chemotaxis:
attractant more ____ of longer duration and _____
repellent more _____ and _______
run of longer duration and less tumbles
more tumbles and less run
chemotaxis:
______ sustained unidirectional movement
runs
______ sudden stop, cells rolls over several times. changes direction and resume run
tumbles
______ also called sex ____ or F ____ or conjugation
______ are shorter than flagella
-usually 1-10 sex ___ per cells
-aids in joining cells of opposite mating types
during conjugation process is one of the ways by which cells exchange genetic material
pili (pilius)
________ (variation of pili)
_______ numbers varies (few to thousands) distributed throughout or have polar concentration
-aids in attachment to substrate as well as to one another
-harbors _______ , ether at the tip or all along its length
Fimbriae
Harbors adhesin
Note: pili and fimbriae have piling proteins
Attaches to cells lining the urogential system (urethra and vagina) not other place
Neisseria gonorrhoeae and pathogenesis
Which juice helps with UTI which Directly filter from kidney and do not detoxyfied
It strips off bacteria and flush out E.Coli
Cranberry
Bordetella have and helps
Adhensins and secure
_______ present in spirochetes Ex: treponema palliolion and Lyme disease pathogen
There is an Luther sheath membrane below which are fibrils (axial filaments)
-sheath is anchored at one end and spirals around cells
-uses cork screw motion to drill into viscous tissues of their host
Endoflagella
__________ its single circular double stranded DNA molecule. (Supercooled)
-anchored to plasma membrane; confined in nucleoid area
Chromosomes
______ small, extrachromosomal DNA molecules
-self replicating units
-are not required for metabolism / survival under normal condition
It doesn’t encode any “house keeping gene” but provides selective advantages to bacteria cell
-function of _____carry genes for activities such as
-antibiotics resistance
-toxins production
Plasmids
_____ is associated with Bacterial translation
- are smaller, less dense than eukaryotes ________ (70s vs 80s)
- made of 2 subunits; preferred target site of some antibiotics action
Bacteria \_\_\_\_\_\_. \_\_\_\_S \_\_\_\_\_ small subunit \_\_\_\_\_ large subunit Eukaryotes \_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_S \_\_\_\_\_ small subunit \_\_\_\_\_ large subunit
Ribosomes Bacterial ribosomes 70s 30s small 50s large Eukaryotes ribosomes 80s 40s small 60s large
Plasma types :
______ codes for sex pili (f pili)
-involved in conjunction process
Fertility plasmid
Plasmid type:
________ carry resistance genes for antimicrobial agents
-have both origin of transfer genes as well as _______ genes
-are self transmissionable plasmid (don’t need help of F plasmid)
Resistance plasmids
Plasmid type:
Carry genes for the _______
Roles of ______ toxin
Kill other competing bacteria cells that don’t have bacteria plasmid
Bacteriocin plasmid
Plasmid type:
Carry genetic information for ______structures enzymes or toxin
Virulence plasmid
______have 2 plasmids
Capsule - poly D glutamic acids
Anthrax toxin 3 parts toxin
Bacillus anthracis
