QuizExtra

Question 1

_________ are long, semi rigid and filamentous appendage, aids in motility.

• acts as a spinning motor, propels cell in forward direction
• _______ motility involves expenditure of cellular energy

Answer 1

flagella

Question 2

Flagellum has 3 basic parts(acts like PAMP)
_______ long whiplike structure of constant diameter
-no covering
- structural component globular protein

Answer 2

Filament

Question 3

Flagellum has 3 basic parts(acts like PAMP)

_______ wider part to which filament is attached

Answer 3

Hook

Question 4

Flagellum has 3 basic parts(acts like PAMP)
_______ anchors flagellum to the cell wall and membrane
-includes a central rod inserted into a series of rings
Gram Positive _______
Gram Negative _______

Answer 4

Basal Body
Gram positive - one pair of rings which is attached to plasma membrane.
Gram negative - two pair of rings
outer pair attaches to cell wall
inner pair attaches to plasma membrane

Question 5

Flagella arrangement:

______ single polar flagella ex. pseudomonas aeroginosa

Answer 5

monotrichous

Question 6

Flagella arrangement:

_____ flagella distributed over entire surface, functions in unison as a single unit

Answer 6

peritrichous

Question 7

Flagella arrangement:
_______ tuft of flagella at each end of cell
ex. spirlillum voutans

Answer 7

amphitrichous

Question 8

flagella arrangement:
______ two or more flagella at at one pole of cell
ex: helicobacter pylorii, helps bacteria to cross the mucosal coating of the intestinal epithelium (virulence factor)

Answer 8

lophotrichous

Question 9

chemical (chemotaxis)
attractant (ex.nutrient) cells move towards it ______
repellent (ex.toxic, heat) cells move away from it ________

Answer 9

positive taxis

negative taxis

Question 10

Chemotaxis:

attractant more ____ of longer duration and _____
repellent more _____ and _______

Answer 10

run of longer duration and less tumbles

more tumbles and less run

Question 11

chemotaxis:

______ sustained unidirectional movement

Answer 11

runs

Question 12

______ sudden stop, cells rolls over several times. changes direction and resume run

Answer 12

tumbles

Question 13

______ also called sex ____ or F ____ or conjugation
______ are shorter than flagella
-usually 1-10 sex ___ per cells
-aids in joining cells of opposite mating types
during conjugation process is one of the ways by which cells exchange genetic material

Answer 13

pili (pilius)

Question 14

________ (variation of pili)
_______ numbers varies (few to thousands) distributed throughout or have polar concentration
-aids in attachment to substrate as well as to one another
-harbors _______ , ether at the tip or all along its length

Answer 14

Fimbriae

Harbors adhesin

Note: pili and fimbriae have piling proteins

Question 15

Attaches to cells lining the urogential system (urethra and vagina) not other place

Answer 15

Neisseria gonorrhoeae and pathogenesis

Question 16

Which juice helps with UTI which Directly filter from kidney and do not detoxyfied
It strips off bacteria and flush out E.Coli

Answer 16

Cranberry

Question 17

Bordetella have and helps

Answer 17

Adhensins and secure

Question 18

_______ present in spirochetes Ex: treponema palliolion and Lyme disease pathogen
There is an Luther sheath membrane below which are fibrils (axial filaments)
-sheath is anchored at one end and spirals around cells
-uses cork screw motion to drill into viscous tissues of their host

Answer 18

Endoflagella

Question 19

__________ its single circular double stranded DNA molecule. (Supercooled)
-anchored to plasma membrane; confined in nucleoid area

Answer 19

Chromosomes

Question 20

______ small, extrachromosomal DNA molecules
-self replicating units
-are not required for metabolism / survival under normal condition
It doesn’t encode any “house keeping gene” but provides selective advantages to bacteria cell
-function of _____carry genes for activities such as
-antibiotics resistance
-toxins production

Answer 20

Plasmids

Question 21

_____ is associated with Bacterial translation

• are smaller, less dense than eukaryotes ________ (70s vs 80s)
• made of 2 subunits; preferred target site of some antibiotics action

Bacteria \_\_\_\_\_\_.  \_\_\_\_S 
\_\_\_\_\_ small subunit
\_\_\_\_\_ large subunit
Eukaryotes \_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_S
\_\_\_\_\_ small subunit
\_\_\_\_\_ large subunit

Answer 21

Ribosomes 
Bacterial ribosomes 70s
30s small 50s large
Eukaryotes ribosomes 80s
40s small 60s large

Question 22

Plasma types :
______ codes for sex pili (f pili)
-involved in conjunction process

Answer 22

Fertility plasmid

Question 23

Plasmid type:
________ carry resistance genes for antimicrobial agents
-have both origin of transfer genes as well as _______ genes
-are self transmissionable plasmid (don’t need help of F plasmid)

Answer 23

Resistance plasmids

Question 24

Plasmid type:
Carry genes for the _______
Roles of ______ toxin
Kill other competing bacteria cells that don’t have bacteria plasmid

Answer 24

Bacteriocin plasmid

Question 25

Plasmid type:

Carry genetic information for ______structures enzymes or toxin

Answer 25

Virulence plasmid

Question 26

______have 2 plasmids
Capsule - poly D glutamic acids
Anthrax toxin 3 parts toxin

Answer 26

Bacillus anthracis