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Biol3 > Exam2:Toxin > Flashcards

Exam2:Toxin Flashcards

1
Q

______ harmful substances made by some pathogenic bacteria sps.

  • cause tissue injury/trigger host immune response
  • normally blood or lymph soluble; are systemically distributed
A

toxin

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2
Q

advantage to bacteria when it makes _______ helps the bacteria be shredded from body one of mechanism of bacteria spread transmission, it compromised immune system so the host immune system has least impact on bacteria

A

toxin

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3
Q

______ are altered/inactivated toxins, mainly for exotoxins,
-often used as vaccines; stimulates antibody production, -inactivating of toxin preparation physical means radiation/heat or chemicals

A

toxoid

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4
Q

_______ clinical term for presence of toxin in blood such as endotoxemia-endotoxin in blood

A

toxemia

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5
Q

______ are usually ABS of proteins the recognized and binds to toxin then neutralized the toxin

A

antitoxin

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6
Q

______ ability of bacteria to make toxin

A

toxigenicity

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7
Q

tissue injury could be ______ secreted and destroy host cells mediated by interference of bacterial toxin

A

exotoxins

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8
Q

tissue injury could be ________ released upon cell desk (naturally or following phagocytosis) stimulates body cells to releases chemicals that causes coagulation shock and low blood pressure increased permeability of hemorrhage blood vessel

A

endotoxin

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9
Q 
is this exotoxin or endotoxin?
source: gram positive and gram negative
relative toxicity: high
heat stability: unstable at high temp. (Inactive)
effect on host: variable
A

exotoxin

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10
Q 
is this exotoxin or endotoxin?
source:  gram negative only
relative toxicity: low
heat stability: stable at 1hr, 120C
effect on host: fever, shock, coagulation
A

endotoxin

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11
Q
  • synthesized and secreted by gram +/- bacteria; part of their normal growth and metabolism
  • coded by plasmids or phage DNA
A

exotoxin

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12
Q

These are the groups of _______

cytotoxins, neurotoxins, entertoxins,superantigens

A

exotoxin

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13
Q

three types of cytotoxin kills/affects host cells functions:
examples of ______ secreted by S. pneumonia that binds to cholesterol of ciliated epithelial cells and make holes. S. pneumonia inhibits phagocytosis by alveolar macrophages, inhibits digestion

A

pneumolysin

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14
Q

three types of cytotoxin kills/affects host cells functions:

examples of _______ binds and inactives eukaryotic elongation factors -2 (EFF2) stops host cells proteins sythesis

A

diphtheria toxin

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15
Q

three types of cytotoxin kills/affects host cells functions:

examples of ________ which also contain 3 parts of toxin is protective antigens, lethal factor, edema factor

A

anthrax toxin

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16
Q

shiga toxin potent cytotoxin made by _______

A

E.coli 0157 H7

17
Q

which toxin is ______ that

A part enters endothelial cells which reacts with ribosomes and stops protein syntheses

A

shiga toxin

18
Q

_______ is responsible for RBC’s break up in tiny blood vessels which results in anemia, kidney failure accompanied by paralysis and nervous system injury signs.

A

hemolytic anemic syndrome

19
Q

________ impairs neuronal cells function which cause paralysis

A

neurotoxin

20
Q

_______ alters functioning of the gastrointestinal cell lining which causes intestinal disturbances.

A

enterotoxin

21
Q

_______ encoded by phage DNA
A subunit - modifies or degraded inside cell
B subunit - E1Tor sps strain of V. Choleral or
0139 bengal strain emerging pathogen more virulent

A

cholera toxin

22
Q

_________ soluble NSF attachment receptor protein

A

SNARE

23
Q

_____ N ethyl maleimide sensitive fusion protein

A

NSF

24
Q

Tetanus toxin action as tetanospasmin ________

A

GABA

25
Q

______ lipid A portion of outer membrane LPS of gram negative sps.

  • released upon cell damage and cell wall breakage
  • all _______ produce the same signs and symptoms, though to different degree
  • _______ have the same mode of action, irrespecive of the species
A

endotoxin

26
Q

_______ to loss of bicarbonate ions

A

metabolic acidosis

27
Q

_______ would lead to loss of blood pressure which eventually vital organ and failure

A

Hypovolumic shock

Biol3 (26 decks)

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