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Biol3 > Final Exam: STI > Flashcards

Final Exam: STI Flashcards

1
Q

STI in ______ is symptomantic

A

male

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2
Q

STI in ______ is Asymptomantic

A

female

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3
Q

_______ An infection that can be transmitted through sexual interaction (not just intercourse!)

A

STI

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4
Q

Some __1____ can be cured, others cannot

  • Can cause embarrassment, compromised health, pain, infertility and even death !!
  • Half of all ___1___ in U.S. are believed to occur amongst 15 - to 24 year-olds
  • Most __1___ are preventable (condom)
A

1.STI

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5
Q

Factors contributing to ___1___

  • •Multiple sexual partners
  • •Sex without protection or condom
  • •Increased use of oral contraceptives (?) less likely to use condom
  • •Lack of information about ___1__ in young people
  • Many ___1__ do not have obvious symptoms!!!
A
  1. STI
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6
Q

_____ Great imitator disease;

  • Worldwide distribution; occurs in many forms
  • Approx 12 millions individuals are infected each year;
  • endemic amongst sex workers, MSM and drug users
A
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7
Q

MSM means

A

male sex male

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8
Q

Syphilis has 3 defined clinical stages: each with unique features ___1___, ___2___ and __3____

A

primary, seconday and tertiary

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9
Q

________ fastiduous, motile spirochete with glycocalyx

A

Syphilis/Treponema pallidum

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10
Q

______ humans are the only hosts; NO animal reservoir

A

Syphilis/Treponema pallidum

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11
Q

_____ killed by drying / chilling, disinfectants, soaps; sensitive to O2 conc, pH changes etc

A

Syphilis/Treponema pallidum

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12
Q

________ no cell free cultivation medium but can be grown in rapid testescle

A

Syphilis/Treponema pallidum

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13
Q

___1___ slow growing , survives for a few generation, can crosses placenta and infects fetus causes congenital ____1____ to the baby

A

1.Syphilis/Treponema pallidum

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14
Q

Virulence factors of _______, is Not defined well but indirect observation / evidences indicates

A

Syphilis/Treponema pallidum

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15
Q

Virulence factors of ______, some proteins that facilitates adherence to epithelial cells

A

Syphilis/Treponema pallidum

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16
Q

Virulence factors of _______ ,hyaluronidase secretion helps to infiltrate intercellular spaces

A

Syphilis/Treponema pallidum

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17
Q

Virulence factors of _______ ,Glycocalyx : protects the bacteria from phagocytosis by defense cells

A

Syphilis/Treponema pallidum

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18
Q

Transmission of _______

  • sexual contacts ( major mode),
  • blood transfusion ( rare, but have been reported)
  • Primarily from open lesions to mucous membranes of the vagina, oral cavity, anus or via cuts / abrasions on the skin
    • accomplished by penile - vaginal, oral- genital, oral- anal, or genital - anal contacts
A

Syphilis/Treponema pallidum

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19
Q

_______ has NO fomite mediated transmission if it’s dry,

but Only if toilet seat coverd by human body fluid(wet) can be transmitted.

A

Syphilis/Treponema pallidum

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20
Q

_______ Characterized by the appearance of a painless sore called chancre

A

Primary stage of syphilis

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21
Q

______ center contains heavy load of spirochetes along with serum. Lesion usually appears ~ 3 weeks after initial infection

A

Primary stage of syphilis

22
Q

______ Initially occurs on the penis, vagina, or cervix, but can be inside mouth or rectum

A

Primary stage of syphilis

23
Q

______ Generally, heals without treatment within

3 - 6 weeks

A

Primary stage of syphilis

24
Q

_______ Usually occurs 2 - 8 weeks after exposure. Bacteremia initiates ; skin rash appears on body, often on palms and soles

A

Secondary stage of syphilis

25
Q

_______ typically doesn’t hurt or itch; lesions are filled with contagious bacteria. can be transmitted via skin break. Patient may have flu like symptoms (mild fever, sore throat, headache etc )

A

Secondary stage of syphilis

26
Q

______ Characterized by NO observable symptoms ( asymptomatic phase) can last for years !!

A

Latent phase of syphilis infection

27
Q

_______ After 1 year in the latent stage, infected individuals typically fails to transmit the infection to partners. pregnant women can still transfer and infect their babies / fetus

A

Latent phase of syphilis infection

28
Q

___1____ Approx 15% of individuals who don’t receive treatment transitions to ___1__syphilis

A

1.Tertiary syphilis

29
Q

________ Not associated with direct effects of thespirochete but is complication of inflammation + a hyperimmune respones

A

Tertiary syphilis

30
Q

_______ Clinical manifestations are observed as, Gummas which is painful rubbery lesion on bone, muscle, skin. nervous tissue

A

Tertiary syphilis

31
Q

_______ occurs 10 - 20 years post initial infection and other symptoms may include heart failure, blindness, paralysis, skin ulcers along with severe mental disturbance due to CNS destruction and personality changes

A

Tertiary syphilis

32
Q

_____ is diagnos by MHA-TP (microhemaglutinin assay fortreponema pallidum)

A

Syphilis

33
Q

_______ can be observed in fresh discharge from lesions. it need to be immediately viewed under dark microscope and normally don’t survive in transport media

A

syphilis

34
Q

______ specimen’s from oral cavity cant be tested, its false positive reult due to oral spirochete

A

syphilis

35
Q

_______ is difficult to diagnose, as it miics other diseases

A

Tertiary syphilis

36
Q

______ injections are effective against primary, seconday and latent syphilis

A

Penicillin G

37
Q

Antibiotics are not effective in ______, due to hyperimmune response

A

Tertiary syphilis

38
Q

_______ transmission during primary or secondary stages of infection is usually fatal to the fetus

A

Congenital syphilis

39
Q

_______ child suffers from mental retardation along with organ failures with rashes typical of secondary stage

A

In latent stage

40
Q

Gornorrhea is Acute infection, incubation period 2-5 days; symptomatic infection in ______ symptomatic; painful urination and purulent discharge

A

males

41
Q

Gonorrhea is Acute infection, incubation period 2-5 days; in ____1__ is asymptomatic; 25 % of __1__ suffer from Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

A

1.females

42
Q

_____ : non motile, Gr (–) ve diplococci

Virulent forms have virulence factors of,

  1. fimbriae
  2. capsule
  3. extended LPS; avoids MAC mediated lysis
  4. iprotease that destroys IgA at mucosal membrane
A

neisseria gonorrhoeae

43
Q

______ secrete antibodies present at mucosal surface

A

IgA

44
Q

______ Low virulence dose: 100 cells can cause infection

A

Neisseria gonorrhoea

45
Q

______ In women’s attaches to receptors on non ciliated, mucosal epithelial cells

  • attaches to cervix (of uterus) but not vaginal wall
  • hitch hikes on sperm cells to uterine tube and cause PID
  • chronic infection can lead to scarring of the uterine tube with consequent of entopic pregancy and sterility
  • also infects urethra + cause inflammatory
A

Neisseria gonorrhoea

46
Q

______ In men’s, (specifically MSM ) the bacteria can lead to proctitis gingivitis and pharygitis inflammation of the rectum area

  • directly transmitted; sensitive to dryness and cold
  • NO animal reservoir
  • disease of humans only; more sexual partners neonatal opthelmia gonorrhoea
A

Neisseria gonorrhoea

47
Q

______ in children’s causes blindness

  • bacteria in pus discharge from an inflammed penis
  • ii. available genetic probes are accurate, quick in confirming the bacteria in clinical samples
A

Neisseria gonorrhoea

48
Q

_____ has become Worldwide strains have become increasingly resistant to common antibiotics because of the R plasmid acquired

A

Neisseria gonorrhoea

49
Q

For _______ CDC recommendation intake of both illuoroquinolones and cephalosporins

A

Neisseria gonorrhoea

50
Q

_____ has No vaccine yet; long term immunity can’t be established.

A

Neisseria gonorrhoea

Biol3 (26 decks)

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