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Pediatric Principles & Techniques > QUIZ 2 - Chapter 12 - Part 2 (Pgs 199B-211A) > Flashcards

QUIZ 2 - Chapter 12 - Part 2 (Pgs 199B-211A) Flashcards

1
Q

These types of injuries involve damage to muscles, nerves, skin, and/or connective tissue and include contusions, crush injuries, dislocations, and sprains.

A

Soft tissue injuries

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2
Q

This is an injury that does not disrupt the integrity of the skin and is charaterized by swelling, discoloration, and pain.

A

contusion

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3
Q

A break in the external surface of the bone caused by severe force applied against tissues (eg: finger caught in door)

A

crush wound or injury

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4
Q

displacement of a bone from its normal articulation at a joint

A

dislocation

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5
Q

traumatic injury to the tendons, muscles, or ligaments around a joint and is characterized by pain, swelling, and discoloration.

A

sprain

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6
Q

Sprains are most frequently seen in the ______ and _____.

A

ankles and wrists

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7
Q

These are breaks, ruptures, or cracks in bone or cartilage.

A

Fractures

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8
Q

Two types of fractures

A

closed and open

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9
Q

This type of fracture has no open wounds from the broken bone penetrating the skin.

A

Closed fracture

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10
Q

This type of fracture involves an open wound, where complications are more common.

A

Open fracture

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11
Q

Children with orthopedic conditions may exhibit difficulty with most ___________.

A

areas of occupation

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12
Q

OT practitioners help children who have orthopedic conditions in

A

areas of occupation

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13
Q

genetic information

A

genome

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14
Q

Each chromosome is made of of tiny sections called _____.

A

genes

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15
Q

Personal characteristics/physical expression

A

phenotype

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16
Q

One of the more common types of muscular dystrophy is _________.

A

Duchenne muscular dystrophy

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17
Q

What happens with people with Duchenne MD?

A

Muscle mass breaks down and is replaced by fat and scar tissue.

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18
Q

T/F - Duchenne MD is seen only in boys.

A

T

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19
Q

Usual cause of death for people with Duchenne MD and what age?

A

Most live until their 20s and most die of heart & lung complications that lead to pneumonia

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20
Q

When do most parents suspect their child of Duchenne MD?

A

When they start to walk on their toes (1 year of age)

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21
Q

What is it called when the spine bends sideways

A

scoliosis

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22
Q

what is the increased forward curve of the lower back?

A

Lordosis

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23
Q

One of 2000 infants born to women who are less than 40 and 1 of 40 infants born to women who are 40+ have ______.

A

Down Syndrome

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24
Q

T/F - Intervention should start for kids with down syndrome as early as 4th grade.

A

F - as early as possible - infancy

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25
Q

What is a huge factor contributing to reduction in developmental delays for infants with Down Syndrome.

A

Family

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26
Q

This is a rare genetic condition cased by the absence of part of chromosome 5.

A

Cri du chat syndrome

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27
Q

The big characteristics of cri du chat syndrome

A

weak, mewing cry
failure to thrive is common
intellectual and developmental delays

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28
Q

Physical characteristics of Down Syndrome

A

can be found on P. 205 in box 12-8 - It’s a freebie. And I don’t want to type all of it.

29
Q

This condition affects boys more than girls, limited brain development, abnormal skull, joints and feet structures. Elongated faces, flat feet, etc. etc.

A

Fragile X syndrome

30
Q

3 big characteristics of Prader-Willi syndrome - think Channel 9 weather guy (he doesn’t apply to everyone)

A

overeating and self-mutiliation (picking sores), intellectual deficits

31
Q

What will OT Practitioners do with Fragile X or Prader Willi patients?

A

provide strategies to help children function to full potential

32
Q

Children with Down Syndrome tend to have ____ muscle tone

A

low

33
Q

This system includes the nervous system and muscles of the human body

A

neuromuscular

34
Q

Nervous System can be divided to:

A

CNS and PNS

35
Q

A condition in which one or more of the vertebrae are not formed properly…most common type of congenital spinal abnormality

A

spina bifida

36
Q

3 types of spina bifida

A

occulta
meningocele
myelomeningocele

37
Q

Most severe of the three spina bifidas

A

myelomeningocele

38
Q

Spina bifida occurs in 1 of ______ births

A

1000

39
Q

The cause of spina bifida may be genetic or it may result from high maternal ________ or insufficent ______.

A

body temp, folic acid

40
Q

80 percent of infants with spina bifida also have ________ caused by excessive cerebrospinal fluid

A

hydrocephalus

41
Q

Scoliosis or ________ may be present at birth or may develop later.

A

Kyphosis

42
Q

Kyphosis

A

hunchback

43
Q

microencephaly

A

small head

44
Q

This is absence or poor development of the central part of the brain that connects the two hemispheres

A

agenesis of the corpus collosum

45
Q

This type of spina bifida can be diagnosed only by X-ray and often goes undetected

A

spina bifida occulta

46
Q

This type of spina bifida has a bony defect in which meninges fill with spinal fluid and protrude thorugh an opening int he vertebral column

A

meningocele

47
Q

This type of spina bifida has a bony defect in which meninges fill with spinal fluid and a portion of the spinal cord with its nerves protrude through an opening in the vertebral column. This can be detected at birth.

A

Myelomeningocele

48
Q

This is a serious injury to the brain

A

TBI - traumatic brain injury - can also be called HI head injury or CHI closed head injury

49
Q

TBI - The trauma to the brain typically results in these 3 changes

A

motor
cognitive
emotional

50
Q

3 possible motor deficits

A

changes in muscle tone
hemiplegia
and quadriplegia

51
Q

Where is the list of Neurologic Disorders?

A

Box 12-10 P 209 - feel free to mark it if you want but it’s at least worth looking at. Then check blue for knowing it all!

52
Q

There are 3 General intervention considerations for kids with TBIs

A

Preparatory activities
Enabling activities
Purposeful activities and occupations

53
Q

Infants who are violently shaken by adults sustain serious brain damage

A

Shaken baby syndrom

54
Q

Adult men who are violently shaken by their parental figures sustain neck and head injuries:

A

shaken manchild syndrom

55
Q

T/F - a large percentage of children younger than 2 make a full recovery after shaken baby.

A

F. a very small percentage

56
Q

Children with ________ are more likely to be abused or neglected.

A

disabilities

57
Q

SHAKEN BABY: __________ is the total or partial loss of vision in a normal-appearing eye caused by damage to the brain’s occipital cortex

A

cortical blindness

58
Q

The child may have ____ caused by the brain damage sustained while shaken

A

cerebral palsy

59
Q

During birth, stretching or tearing of the peripheral nerves that supply the arm and shoulder can cause _____________.

A

Erb’s palsy.

60
Q

Which types of infants are more likely to get Erb’s palsy?

A

Infants who are born feet first or are too large for birth canal

61
Q

T/F - you usually cannot tell if a child has erb’s palsy until later infancy

A

F - it can be diagnosed within 24 hours after birth

62
Q

Fabricating an __________ may help the child support the extremity and regain function with Erb’s palsy.

A

orthosis

63
Q

Same word for both blanks: OT Practitioners working with infants and toddlers who have Erb’s palsy begin by examining the infant’s movement of the ______ and teaching parents how to support the _________.

A

extremity

64
Q

What percentage of the general population experience seizures?

A

2%

65
Q

Does epilepsy occur more often in children or adults?1

A

children

66
Q

Do children ever outgrow seizures?

A

many do

67
Q

What types of things can trigger seizures?

A

spinning movements
flashing lights
spinning visual stimuli

68
Q

What should an OT practitioner do if one of their clients has a seizure?

A

document child’s behavior during the seizure, the duration, and the child’s behavior before and after the seizure

69
Q

T/F: Some children have frequent unprovoked seizures

A

T

Pediatric Principles & Techniques (30 decks)

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