Psychiatry Flashcards
ADD and ADHD
Alterations in brain structure and metabolism
Cause unknown
Hyperactivity may or may not be present
Commonly begins in childhood
In adults, often confused with mood disorders, substance abuse, and endocrine problems
anorexia nervosa
Eating disorder involving an inability to stay at a minimum, healthy body weight
bulimia
Individual significantly overeats, then feels a loss of control and vomits consumed food
Unknown cause
depression
Serious medical illness that involves the brain, and the general well-being of the individual suffering from this disorder.
phobias
A phobia is an extreme, persistent fear of a specific object or situation.
Types: Animal, natural environment, situational, blood-injection-injury.
OCD
Anxiety disorder that is associated with obsessions and compulsions.
Obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviours become excessive interferes with daily life
dementia
Dementia is a gradual decline of mental ability
Affects intellectual and social skills.
alzheimers
Irreversible, progressive brain disease
Slowly destroys memory and thinking skills
Symptoms first appear after age 60
autism
Neurodevelopmental disorder of children Cause unknown Can range from mild to severe Results in avoidance of social interaction No cure
Asperger’s Syndrome
High functioning form of autism
Developmental disorder that affects individual’s ability to socialize and communicate effectively with others
May be mild to severe
Multiple Personality Disorder
One or more personality existing within one individual
Personalities can become dominate and control the individual
Schizophrenia
Is a brain disorder characterized by symptoms of thought, behavior, and social problems Chronic psychosis Characterized by: Delusions Hallucinations Agitation Cause: Unknown Appears in the late teens or early adulthood
Sleeping Disorders
Medical disorder of the sleep patterns in a human. Snoring Sleep apnea Insomnia Narcolepsy Teeth-grinding Sleep Talking/Walking
Panic Attacks
Characterized by a sudden onset of intense anxiety, feelings of intense fear, and apprehension.
Affects more women than men
Anxiety
Permanent state of worry and nervousness
Occurs in a variety of mental disorders
Accompanied by compulsive behaviour or panic attacks
Amnesia
Loss of memory caused by physical injury or toxic substances to the brain
Partial or total memory loss
Hypochondria
Overwhelming fear of a serious disease, even though there is no evidence of illness.
Tourette’s Syndrome
Neurological disorder characterized by repetitive, stereotyped, involuntary movements and vocalizations called tics
PTSD
Occurs after seeing/ experiencing a traumatic event that involved the threat of injury or death
Mental Retardation (Intellectual Disability)
Impaired cognitive functioning and deficits in two or more adaptive behaviours
Inability to function at an adult level
Types: Down's Syndrome Cretinism Cranial Anomalies Phenylketonuria (PKU) Fragile X Syndrome
Delusional Disorders
Disorder characterized by the presence of recurrent, persistent non-bizarre delusions in absence of other psychosis, drug use or illness
Delusions are plausible, such as being loved, being stalked, having an infection
