female reproductive system

Question 1

purpose and function of female reproductive system

Answer 1

continue the species

Question 2

labium majora

Answer 2

outer folds of skin that cover and protect the genital region in women

Question 3

labium minora

Answer 3

Thin membranous folds of skin outside

the vaginal opening.

Question 4

clitoris

Answer 4

Short shaft with a sensitive tip located
where the labia minora meet.
Consists of erectile tissue.
Important in female sexual arousal

Question 5

perineum

Answer 5

Area in females between the base of the

vaginal opening and anus.

Question 6

vulva

Answer 6

Collective term for external genitals in

women.

Question 7

vagina

Answer 7

Tubular organ.
Site of sperm deposition.
Also serves as the birth canal

Question 8

vagina opening (introitus)

Answer 8

External opening to the vagina.

Question 9

cervix

Answer 9

Lower neck of the uterus.

Opens into the vagina.

Question 10

uterus

Answer 10

Organ that houses and nourishes the
developing embryo and fetus.
Aka: Womb.
Organ in which the fertilized egg implants.

Question 11

fallopian tubes

Answer 11

Tubes connecting ovaries to uterus.

Aka: Oviducts, uterine tubes.

Question 12

ovary

Answer 12

Endocrine glands.
Secrete estrogen and progesterone
Produce female gametes (sex cells).

Question 13

dysmenorrhea

Answer 13

Menstrual pain.
May be due to growths, anaemia, fatigue, diabetes, tuberculosis.
Treated with estrogen (treats pain and may regulate irregular periods).

Question 14

metrorrhagia

Answer 14

Irregular uterine bleeding b/t periods, or after menopause.
May be due to hormonal imbalance, benign or malignant uterine tumours.
Tx: Hormone replacement, treat underlying disease.

Question 15

menorrhagia (hypermenorrhea)

Answer 15

Profuse or prolonged bleeding during a regular period.
Due to hormonal imbalance, inflammatory diseases, fibroids, tumours, emotional disturbances.
Tx: Hormone balancing, treat underlying cause.

Question 16

PMS (premenstrual syndrome)

Answer 16

S&S: headache, fatigue, mood swings, anxiety, depression, crying spells, water retention, and more.
Several days before menses to short time after.
Hormone related.
Tx: Regulate hormones, medication, exercise, reduce caffeine, salt, alcohol, nicotine.

Question 17

endometriosis

Answer 17

Presence of endometrial tissue outside uterus.
Idiopathic cause.
Like normal endometrial tissue, it responds to hormonal fluctuation.
Can cause pain, infertility and other health problem.
Tx: Suppress menstruation, surgery.

Question 18

PID- pelvic inflammatory disease

Answer 18

General term for inflammation of uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, adjacent pelvic structures.
Caused by bacterial infection, STIs.
Leads to scarring, infertility, possible septicaemia and death.

Question 19

vaginitis

Answer 19

Usually vagina is resistant to infection due to acidity of vaginal secretions.
Localized infections and inflammation may occur.
Due to viruses, bacteria, yeast.
Many S&S: painful intercourse, itching, foul-smelling discharge, urethritis.

Question 20

candidiasis

Answer 20

form of vaginitis
Caused by overgrowth of Candida albicans, a yeast (fungus).
Due to steroid therapy, diabetes, pregnancy, antibiotics; anything disrupting normal flora.
S&S: Burning, itching, discharge.
Tx: Antifungal agents (mycostatics).

Question 21

trichomoiasis

Answer 21

form of vaginitis
Caused by protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis.
Affects both men and women.
Transmitted sexually.
S&S: Vaginitis, urethritis, cystitis, frothy yellow-green discharge, painful intercourse, genital irritation, itching.
Tx: Antiparasitic agents, antibiotics.

Question 22

uterine fibroids

Answer 22

Benign uterine tumours.
Composed: Muscle & fibrous tissue.
S&S: Asymptomatic; menorrhagia, backache, constipation, urinary symptoms, metrorrhagia, sterility.
Tx: Dependent size/location; myomectomy, hysterectomy

Question 23

breast cancer

Answer 23

Most common type of cancer in women.
Associated with ovarian hormonal function.
Increased risk: High fat diet, family Hx, HRT, nulliparous women, early menarche,smoking.
Early Detection: Monthly SBE, mammography after 40.
Tx: Surgery, chemo, radiation.

Question 24

cervical cancer

Answer 24

Most commonly affects women 40-49.
Increased risk: HPV, first coitus at early age, large # sex partners, frequent intercourse with men whose previous partners had cervical cancer.
Early Detection: Pap test.
Tx: Surgery, chemo, radiation.

Question 25

pap smear

Answer 25

cells are scraped from the cervisand examined under a microscope to check forc cancer or other problems