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medical terminology > Diagnostic Procedures > Flashcards

Diagnostic Procedures Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Allergy Scratch test

A

Uses a small needle coated with an allergen to prick into a patient’s skin
Looks for a reaction to the allergen to identify allergies

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2
Q

amniocentesis

A

Removal of amniotic fluid with a needle under guidance of ultrasound
Used to identify chromosomal or genetic abnormalities in a fetus

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3
Q

angioplasty

A

Procedure using a catheter with a balloon tip under x-ray guidance to open a blocked or narrowed coronary artery in the heart

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4
Q

endoscopy

A

Uses a flexible camera to look inside a hollow organ or cavity for diagnosis and treatment

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5
Q

lower GI Series

A

Used to diagnose abnormalities of the colon and rectum

Barium enema given to allow for clear x-ray images of the colon and rectum

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6
Q

upper GI series

A

Used to diagnose abnormalities of the upper GI tract (up to the small intestine)
Barium is swallowed to allow for clear x-ray images of the upper GI tract

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7
Q

PAP smear

A

Used to detect cervical cancer in females
Speculum is introduced into the vagina to allow access to the cervix
Spatula/Brush used to collect cells
Cells preserved in solution or on a slide

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8
Q

Biopsy

A

Removal of tissue from living patient to determine disease presence
Done is many ways – syringe, needle, lancet, scalpel

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9
Q

EEG

A

Removal of tissue from living patient to determine disease presence
Done is many ways – syringe, needle, lancet, scalpel

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10
Q

ECG (EKG)

A

Detects and records the electrical activity of the heart

Uses electrodes located in various locations of the body and an ECG machine

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11
Q

Bronchoscopy

A

Flexible camera tipped tube used to view the airways and upper lungs to detect any abnormalities in the airways

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12
Q

SPECT

A

Single-photon emission computerized tomography used to look at the function of an organ

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13
Q

Exercise Stress Test

A

Screening tool used to check the effects of exercise on the heart
Patient connected to an ECG machine rides an exercise bike while heart rate and rhythm is monitored

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14
Q

Fluoroscopy

A

Special x-ray machine is used to watch the action of internal organs in a patient to look for abnormalities in function

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15
Q

CT Scan

A

CT scanner, with and without a contrast drug, is used to create cross-sections of internal structures to look for abnormalities in structures

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16
Q

Colonoscopy

A

An endoscopy of the colon through a flexible tube inserted through the anus

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17
Q

Bone Density Scan

A

Bone mineral density test uses an x-ray machine or scanner to diagnose osteoporosis

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18
Q

Bone Density Scan (DEXA)

A

DEXA Scanner is a more enhanced form of x-ray used to measure bone density

19
Q

Echogram

A

This is the image produced from ultrasonography

Looks at all soft structures of the body including a fetus

20
Q

Echocardiogram

A

Cardiac ultrasound that shows abnormalities in the structure and flow of blood in the heart

21
Q

EMG

A

Electromyography uses small needles or electrodes in or on muscles to determine abnormalities in the electrical activity of skeletal muscle

22
Q

Ultrasound

A

Uses ultrasonic waves to visualize internal soft structures, including a fetus to detect and monitor growth and abnormalities

23
Q

Sigmoidoscopy

A

Short cameral tipped scope inserted into the rectum to view the sigmoid colon to detect abnormalities in the lower colon

24
Q

Cholescintigraphy

A

Using contrast drugs and a scanner, the structure and function of the gall bladder can be evaluated

25
Q

Laparoscopy

A

Small camera is inserted through a slit in the skin to directly view internal organs for diagnosis or surgical procedures

26
Q

Lumbar Puncture

A

AKA: Spinal Tap
LP syringe is put into the lower spinal area to extract a cerebrospinal fluid
Used to detect infection of the brain and nervous system

27
Q

MRI Scan

A

Contrast drugs and MRI scanner used to generate very detailed images of the internal structures
Looks for all abnormalities

28
Q

Mammography

A

Uses low energy x-rays to exam the female breast for detection of breast cancer

29
Q

Otoacoustic Emission Test

A

A screening tool using a probe containing a microphone and speaker that measures the response of the cochlea to sound
Used it detect hearing defects in newborns

30
Q

Oximetry

A

A non-invasive oximetry probe detects oxygen levels in the blood of a patient

31
Q

PPD Skin Test

A

Special syringe containing PPD serum is injected under the skin of the forearm to detect tuberculosis
Looks for an immune response indicating possibility of TB

32
Q

Tonometry

A

Measures the intraocular pressure of the fluid in the eyes using a tonometer

33
Q

Urinalysis

A

Collection of urine for a variety of diagnostic tests

34
Q

Palpation

A

Uses hands-on to feel for a structure to determine shape, location, size and firmness

35
Q

Pulse Rate

A

Felt with fingers at arterial locations throughout the body
Number of beats of the heart per minute
Rates outside of the norm may indicate disease or illness

36
Q

Respiration Rate

A

Measured by watching chest rise and fall
Breaths per minute
Rates outside the norm may indicate disease or illness

37
Q

Percussion

A

Tapping on a surface of the body to determine the underlying body structures in the abdomen and thorax

38
Q

Auscultation

A

Listening to the internal sounds of the body using a stethoscope to detect normal from abnormal

39
Q

Blood Pressure

A

Using a sphygmomanometer and stethoscope, the pressure exerted by the circulating blood on the walls of the blood vessels can be determined

40
Q

Ophthalmoscopy

A

AKA: Fundoscopy

Uses fundoscope and mydriatic drops to view the internal structures of the eye

41
Q

Otoscopy

A

Using an otoscope to view the TM and outer ear for changes in structure, function and infection

42
Q

PET scan

A

Positron emission tomography uses a PET scanner and contrast drugs to produce 3-D images of structures and functions in the body
Used to detect changes in function of body parts

43
Q

Radioimmunoassay

A

Special type of blood test used to detect very small amounts of specific substances in the blood

44
Q

X-rays

A

Uses electromagnetic radiation to send x-ray particles through the body
Produces images of dense material (bones, dense muscle) to look for fractures and other abnormalities

medical terminology (33 decks)

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