male reproductive system

Question 1

function and funtion of male reproductive system

Answer 1

Continue the species.
Produces the male hormone
testosterone.

Question 2

testes

Answer 2

Male gonads.
Located in the scrotum.
Site of sperm production and male sex hormones.

Question 3

scrotum

Answer 3

Pouch of skin containing the testes.
Keeps the testes close or far from the
body in order to maintain optimal
temperature for spermatogenesis (sperm
production).

Question 4

seminiferous tubules

Answer 4

Site of sperm production in the testes.
850 ft. of tubules packed into each testis.
Several million sperm are produced each
day, beginning at puberty.

Question 5

epididymis

Answer 5

Single, tightly coiled tube on the superior surface of each testis.
Site of sperm maturation and storage

Question 6

vas deferens

Answer 6

Aka: Seminal duct.
Forms from the epididymis.
Narrow tube into the abdominal cavity, passing down the posterior side of the bladder, joining the seminal vesicle.

Question 7

seminal vesicle

Answer 7

Adds nutrients for sperm survival to the sperm as they pass.

Makes up 60% of ejaculated seminal fluid.

Question 8

ejaculatory duct

Answer 8

Formed by the joining of the vas deferens and the seminal vesicle.
Passes through the prostate gland.

Question 9

prostate gland

Answer 9

Organ fused to the base of the bladder.
Secretes a thin, alkaline substance.
Alkalinity protects sperm from the acidic environments of the male urethra and the female vagina.
Makes up 30% of seminal fluid.

Question 10

bulbourethra (cowper) glands

Answer 10

Located below prostate.
Connected by small duct to the urethra.
Provide alkaline fluid to protect sperm.
Provides mucus-like fluid for lubrication during intercourse.

Question 11

semen

Answer 11

Combination of the sperm and the various secretions.

Question 12

penis

Answer 12

Male organ of copulation.
Composed of erectile tissue.
Encloses the urethra.
Enlarged tip of the penis is called the glans penis.
Movable hood of skin over the glans is called the prepuce, or foreskin.

Question 13

urethra

Answer 13

Tube leading from the bladder to the urethral meatus (opening from the body).
In a male, carries both semen and urine.
During ejaculation, sphincter at base of bladder closes, stopping urine from being expelled with semen, and preventing semen from entering bladder.

Question 14

frequency

Answer 14

voiding at frequent intervals

Question 15

hesitancy

Answer 15

involunrary delay in initiating urination

Question 16

uregency

Answer 16

feeling of the need to void immediately

Question 17

benign prostatic hyperplasia

Answer 17

Aka: BPH, or nodular hyperplasia, or benign prostatic hypertrophy.
Associated with aging process.
As prostate enlarges, urethral lumen decreases, inhibiting voiding.
Leads to cystitis and nephritis.
S&S: Frequent voiding, producing small quantity of urine; still feeling the need to void
Tx: Meds; Surgical removal of the prostate gland.

Question 18

cryptorchidism

Answer 18

Failure of the testes to descend into the scrotum prior to birth.
Often have inguinal hernia as well.
Tx: Many infants have spontaneous descent within first year. If not, orchiopexy is performed by age 2. Herniorrhaphy is also performed if necessary.

Question 19

prostate cancer

Answer 19

Second most common form of cancer in men.
Incidence increases with age (>50 years).
Stimulated by testosterone.
S&S: Hesitancy, stopping urinary stream, dysuria, urinary frequency, hematuria.
By the time symptoms develop, disease is advanced, and long-term survival not likely.
PSA (prostate specific antigen)in blood work screens for changes to prostate function
In a physical exam DRE (digital rectal exam) can detect before symptom development.
Tx: Surgery, chemo, radiation.
Tx: Orchiectomy, in order to remove source of testosterone.
Tx: Administration of estrogen to arrest metastatic prostatic cancer

Question 20

testicular cancer

Answer 20

Cancer of the testes
Found in males 13-30
S&S:  Lump in the scrotal sac with or without pain; swollen testes
Tx:  Orchiectomy, chemo, radiation
Good survival if caught early

Question 21

anorchidism

Answer 21

Congenital absence of one or both testes.

Tx: Replacement of male hormone testosterone.

Question 22

aspermia

Answer 22

Failure to form or ejaculate sperm.

Infertile.

Question 23

erectile dysfunction

Answer 23

Repeated inability to get or keep an erection firm enough for sexual intercourse.
Causes: Nerve or blood flow disorders or injury; emotional, psychological, social difficulties.
Tx: Correct underlying cause.

Question 24

phimosis

Answer 24

Narrowing of preputial orifice (foreskin opening) so that the foreskin cannot be retracted over the glans penis.
Tx: Circumcision.