Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI) Flashcards
1
Q
What are the generic and brand names of PPI’s?
A
- Omeprazole (Losec)
- Lansoprazole (Zoton)
- Pantoprazole (Pantoloc)
- Esomeprazole (Nexium)
2
Q
What is the mechanism of action of PPIs?
A
- Blocks the hydrogen-potassium adenosine triphosphate enzyme system (proton pump)
- Acts on the gastric parietal cells
- = ↓ H+ and gastric acid and also supresses production
3
Q
What are the indications for PPIs?
A
- Gastric and duodenal ulcers
- H. pylori – in combination with eradication treatment
- Dyspepsia
- GORD
- Following endoscopic treatment of severe peptic ulcer bleeding
- Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
4
Q
What are the contraindications for PPIs?
A
- Gastric cancer alarm symptoms
* Osteoporosis – monitor Ca and Vit D
5
Q
What are the side effects with PPI’s?
A
• Nausea/vomiting • Abdominal pain • Flatulence Diarrhoea/constipation • Headache • Hypomagnesaemia – delirium, convulsions, dizziness, arrhythmias • Fractures
6
Q
What are the interaction with PPIs?
A
- Clopidogrel - ↓ antiplatelet effect
- Nelfinavir – treatment for HIV
- Digoxin – lowers Mg levels
7
Q
Which organs eliminate PPIs from the body?
A
- Renal – 80%
* Faeces – bile secretion
8
Q
What information should be given to patients taking PPIs?
A
- If suspecting H.Pylori, withhold PPI’s for 2 weeks before testing to avoid a false negative
- Recommended to take in the morning
