Beta blockers Flashcards
1
Q
What are the generic and brand names of beta blockers?
A
- Atenolol (Tenormin)
- Bisoprolol (Cardicor)
- Nebivolol
- Propanolol
2
Q
What is the method of action of beta blockers?
A
- Beta 1 receptors are mainly on the heart
- Beta 2 receptors are mainly in smooth muscle of blood vessels
- Stops adrenaline binding to these receptors
- = sympathetic nerves are not stimulated
- Reduces force and speed of contraction of the heart
- Also reduces renin secretion = lowers blood pressure
3
Q
What are the indications for beta blockers?
A
- Ischemic heart disease – improving symptoms associated with angina and acute coronary syndrome
- Chronic heart failure
- AF
- SVT
- Hypertension – not first line
4
Q
What are the contraindications for beta blockers?
A
- Asthma – causes bronchospasms
- COPD – choose Beta 1 selective only
- Haemodynamic instability
- Heart block
- Hepatic failure – dosage reduction
5
Q
What are the side effects of beta blockers?
A
- Fatigue
- Cold extremities
- Headache
- GI upset
- Sleep disturbances/nightmares
- Impotence
6
Q
What are the interactions with beta blockers?
A
• Non-dihydropyridine Ca channel blockers e.g. verapamil – causes heart failure, bradycardia, asystole
7
Q
How are beta blockers eliminated?
A
Kidney
8
Q
What patient information should be given for patients on beta blockers?
A
• COPD patient – if experiencing breathing difficulties then stop treatment and seek medical advice
