Proteins (C)

Question 1

By age 4, protein has reached the adult body weight percentage of what?

Answer 1

18%

Question 2

What are the functions of protein?

Answer 2

Builds and maintains body tissue, is a component of hormones and enzymes, prevents edema, and forms antibodies

Question 3

What nutrients do analogues (meat alternatives) provide?

Answer 3

Protein, iron, and B vitamins

Question 4

Pepsin reduces proteins to what form?

Answer 4

Polypeptides (10+ amino acids)

Question 5

Which enzymes finish protein digestion (after pepsin)

Answer 5

Pancreatic proteases and peptidases

Question 6

What is the process deamination?

Answer 6

The nitrogen containing amine group is stripped off. This produces ammonia, which travels to the liver to become urea, then to the kidneys to be excreted.

Question 7

What are two possible complications of long-term high protein diets?

Answer 7

Colon cancer and increased calcium excretion

Question 8

Protein intake should not exceed what parameters?

Answer 8

More than 10-35% of calories or more than double the DRI.

Question 9

What are the signs and symptoms of protein deficiency?

Answer 9

Muscle wasting/thinning of arms and legs, lethargy/depression, albumin deficiency leading to edema

Question 10

Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM) includes what conditions?

Answer 10

Marasmus and kwashiorkor

Question 11

What is marasmus?

Answer 11

A disease characterized by emaciation, dry hair, and thin skin resulting from insufficient protein and calories

Question 12

What is kwashiorkor?

Answer 12

A high-mortality disease characterized by increased liver fat, edema, skin lesions, and changes in skin and hair resulting from a sudden lack of protein

Question 13

What long-term complication is common after PEM?

Answer 13

Mental retardation