Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior Flashcards
What is prosocial behavior?
Voluntary behavior intended to benefit others such as helping, sharing, or comforting.
What are the five ways people help others, often at personal cost?
Kin selection, reciprocal altruism, group selection, physiological arousal, developmental processes
T/F Toddlers don’t spontaneously help others
F; Even toddlers spontaneously help others
What is antisocial behavior?
Disruptive, hostile, or aggressive behavior that violates social norms or rules and that harms or takes advantage of others.
What is aggression?
Behavior aimed at harming or injuring others.
What is instrumental aggression?
Aggression motivated by the desire to obtain a concrete goal.
What is relational aggression?
Intending to harm others by damaging peer relationships; leads to conduct disorders.
What is reactive aggression?
Emotionally driven, antagonistic aggression sparked by one’s perception that other people’s motives are hostile.
When is aggressive behavior usually first seen? Why is it usually seen?
Usually seen before 12 months of age. Usually during fights over objects.
By what age is physical aggression seen?
By 18 months.
What pattern of development does physical aggression show in the early years?
A U-shaped pattern.
For highly aggressive individuals, at what ages are the U-shaped pattern of development seen?
Early years and again in adolescence.
T/F There are multiple trajectories of aggression over development.
T
At what age does noncompliance and defiance begin? At what age does it decrease?
It begins during toddler years and decreases after age 4-5.
T/F Noncompliance is a precursor to more serious disruptive and delinquent behavior.
F; Only in a minority of children noncompliance leads to more serious disruptive delinquent behavior
One reason people help others is _______.
One reason people help others is EMOTIONS.
What is empathy?
Empathy is an emotional reaction to another’s emotional state or condition that is similar to that person’s state or condition
What is sympathy?
Sympathy is the feeling of concern for another person (or animal) in reaction to the other’s emotional state or condition; often an outcome of empathizing with another’s negative emotion or situation.
Lack of _______, _______, and, _____ can lead to violent antisocial behavior.
Lack of EMPATHY, SHAME, and, GUILT can lead to violent antisocial behavior.
What is required to sympathize or empathize?
The perspective of others.
By what age do children exhibit guilt when they do something wrong?
By age 2.
Which children show less guilt – fearful or fearless children?
Fearless children show less guilt than do fearful children.
What is conscience?
An internal regulatory mechanism that increases the individual’s ability to conform to standards of conduct accepted in his or her culture.
What are the causes of antisocial behavior in utero?
smoking, alcohol, drug use, stress
