Practicum 3 Study Guide Flashcards
Origin, insertion, action of the psoas major
O - lumbar vertebrae
I - lesser trochanter of the femur
A - flexes thigh and trunk
Synergist of the psoas major
sartorius
Antagonist of the psoas major
gluteus maximus
Origin, insertion, action of the iliacus
O - iliac fossa of ilium
I - lesser trochanter of the femur
A - flexes thigh at hip joint
Synergist of the iliacus
psoas major
Antagonist of the iliacus
gluteus maximus
Origin, insertion, action of the sartorius
O - anterior superior iliac spine
I - tibia
A - flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh
Antagonist of the sartorius
gluteus maximus
Origin, insertion, action of the gluteus maximus
O - ilium, sacrum, coccyx
I - iliotibial tract
A - extension and lateral thigh rotation
Antagonist for gluteus maximus
psoas major
Synergist for gluteus medius
gluteus maximus
Action of the pectineus
adducts, flexes, and medially rotates thigh
Antagonist of the pectineus
gluteus maximus
Synergist for the pectineus
adductor longus
Action of adductor longus
adducts, flexes, and medially rotates thigh
Antagonist for adductor longus
gluteus maximus
Synergist for adductor longus
pectineus
Action for adductor magnus
adducts, flexes, and medially rotates thigh
Antagonist for adductor magnus
gluteus maximus
Synergist for adductor magnus
adductor longus
Action of gracilis
adducts, flexes, medially rotates thigh
Antagonist for gracilis
gluteus maximus
Synergist for gracilis
adductor magnus
Origin, Insertion, Action for rectus femoris
O - anterior inferior iliac spine
I - patella and tibial tuberosity
A - extends lower leg, flexes thigh
Antagonist for rectus femoris
biceps femoris
Synergist for rectus femoris
vastus lateralis
Action for vastus lateralis
extends lower leg
Antagonist for vastus lateralis
biceps femoris
Synergist for vastus lateralis
vastus medialis
Action for vastus intermedius
extends lower leg
Antagonist for vastus intermedius
biceps femoris
Synergist for vastus intermedius
vastus lateralis
Action for vastus medialis
extends lower leg
Antagonist for vastus medialis
biceps femoris
Synergist for vastus medialis
vastus intermedius
Action for tensor fasciae latae
flexes, abducts and medially rotates thigh
Antagonist for tensor fasciae latae
semitendinosus
Origin, insertion, action for biceps femoris
O - ischial tuberosity and femur
I - fibula and tibia
A - extends thigh, flexes lower leg
Antagonist for biceps femoris
rectus femoris
Synergist for biceps femoris
semimembranosus
Origin, insertion, action for semitendinosus
O - ischial tuberosity
I - medial aspect of proximal tibia
A - extends thigh, flexes lower leg
Antagonist for semitendiosus
rectus femoris
Synergist for semitendiosus
semimembranosus
Origin, insertion, action for semimembranosus
O - ischial tuberosity
I - medial condyle of tibia
A - extends thigh, flexes lower leg
Antagonist for semimembranosus
rectus femoris
Synergist for semimembranosus
semitendinosus
Insertion, action for tibialis anterior
I - first metatarsals
A - dorsiflexes and inverts foot
Antagonist for tibialis anterior
soleus
Insertion, action for extensor digitorum longus
I - middle and distal phalanges of 2nd to 5th toes
A - extends toes and dorsiflexion
Antagonist for extensor digitorum longus
flexor digitorum longus
Insertion, action for extensor hallucis longus
I - base of the distal phalanx of the big toe
A - dorsiflexion
Antagonist for extensor hallucis longus
flexor hallucis longus
Action for fibularis longus
plantarflexion
Antagonist for fibularis longus
tibialis anterior
Origin, insertion, action for gastrocnemius
O - medial and lateral condyles of femur
I - Achilles tendon
A - flexes lower leg, plantarflexion
Antagonist for gastrocnemius
tibialis anterior
Synergist for gastrocnemius
soleus
Insertion, action for soleus
I - calcaneal tendon
A - plantarflexion
Antagonist for soleus
tibialis anterior
Synergist for soleus
gastrocnemius
Insertion, action for flexor digitorum longus
I - base of distal phalanges of lateral 4 toes
A - plantarflexion
Antagonist for flexor digitorum longus
extensor digitorum longus
Insertion, action for flexor hallucis longus
I - base of distal phalanx in big toe
A - plantar flexion
Antagonist for flexor hallucis longus
extensor hallucis longus
Insertion, action for tibialis posterior
I - cuneiforms and bases of metatarsal bones
A - plantarflexion
Antagonist for tibialis posterior
tibialis anterior
Action for erector spinae
extension of vertebral column
Antagonist for erector spinae
rectus abdominis
Action for external intercostals
inspiration (pulls rib cage up)
Antagonist for external intercostals
internal intercostals
Synergist for external intercostals
diaphragm
Action for internal intercostals
expiration (pulls ribcage down)
Antagonist for internal intercostals
external intercostals
Origin, insertion, action for diaphragm
O - xiphoid process, cartilages of lowest ribs
I - central tendon
A - inspiration (increases thoracic cavity space)
- prime muscle
Antagonist for diaphragm
internal intercostals
Synergist for diaphragm
external intercostals
Origin, insertion, action for rectus abdominis
O - pubic crest and pubic symphysis
I - ribs 5-7 and xiphoid process
A - flexion of vertebral column (bend forward)
Antagonist for rectus abdominis
erector spinae
Synergist for rectus abdominis
external oblique
Action for external oblique
flexion of vertebral column
Synergist for external oblique
internal abdominis
Action for internal oblique
flexion of vertebral column
Synergist for internal oblique
external oblique
Action for transverse abdominis
Compresses abdominal wall
Synergist for transverse abdominis
external oblique
Origin, insertion, action for pectoralis minor
O - ribs 3, 4, 5
I - coracoid process of scapula
A - moves scapular anteriorly and inferiorly
Synergist for pectoralis minor
serratus anterior
Action for serratus anterior
protracts and rotates scapula
Antagonist for serratus anterior
rhomboids
Origin, insertion, action for trapezius
O - occipital bone
I - spine and acromion of scapula
A - Elevates, rotates, and retracts scapula
Origin, insertion, action for levator scapulae
O - transverse process of first 4 cervical vertebrae
I - superior angle and medial border of scapula
A - elevates and rotates scapula
Action for rhomboids
Retracts and rotates scapula
Origin, insertion, action for pectoralis major
O - clavicle, sternum, costal cartilages
I - greater tubercle of humerus
A - flexion of arm
Antagonist for pectoralis major
latissimus dorsi
Synergist for pectoralis major
deltoid
Origin, insertion, action for latissimus dorsi
O - lower vertebrae, iliac crest
I - intertubercular groove of humerus
A - elevates the humerus (extension of arm)
Antagonist for latissimus dorsi
pectoralis major
Insertion, action for deltoid
I - deltoid tuberosity of humerus
A - abducts arm
Antagonist for deltoid
latissimus dorsi
Insertion, action for subscrapularis
I - lesser tubercle of humerus
A - medially rotates arm at the shoulder joint
Antagonist for subscapularis
supraspinatus
Insertion, action for supraspinatus
I - greater tubercle of the humerus
A - abducts humerus
Insertion, action for infraspinatus
I - greater tubercle of the humerus
A - lateral rotation of humerus
Antagonist for infraspinatus
subscapularis
Synergist for infraspinatus
teres minor
Insertion, action for teres minor
I - greater tubercle of humerus
A - lateral rotation of shoulder joint
Antagonist for teres minor
subscapularis
Synergist for teres minor
infraspinatus
Insertion, action for teres major
I - medial lip of intertubercular groove of humerus
A - adducts and medially rotates arm at the shoulder joint
Origin, insertion, action for coracobrachialis
O - coracoid process of scapula
I - medial surface of humerus
A - flexes and adducts arm at the shoulder
Antagonist for coracobrachialis
deltoid
Origin, insertion, action for triceps brachii
O - axillary border of scapula
I - olecranon process of ulna
A - extends forearm
Antagonist for triceps brachii
biceps brachii
Origin, insertion, action for biceps brachii
O - coracoid process
I - radial tuberosity
A - flexes arm and elbow
Antagonist for biceps brachii
triceps brachii
Synergist for biceps brachii
brachialis
Origin, insertion, action for brachialis
O - distal anterior humerus
I - coronoid process of ulna
A - flexes forearm
Antagonist for brachialis
triceps brachii
Synergist for brachialis
biceps brachii
Origin, insertion, action for brachioradialis
O - distal humerus
I - styloid process of radius
A - flexes forearm
Synergist for brachioradialis
brachialis
Action for pronator teres
flexes forearm
Origin, insertion, action for flexor carpi ulnaris
O - medial epicondyle of humerus, olecranon process
I - base of 5th metacarpal
A - flexes wrist, adducts hand
Antagonist for flexor carpi ulnaris
extensor carpi ulnaris
Synergist for flexor carpi ulnaris
palmaris longus
Origin, insertion, action for flexor carpi radialis
O - medial epicondyle of humerus
I - base od 2nd and 3rd metacarpals
A - flexes wrist, abducts hand
Antagonist for flexor carpi radialis
extensor carpi radialis
Synergist for flexor carpi radialis
palmaris longus
Action for palmaris longus
flexes wrist
Antagonist for palmaris longus
extensor digitorum
Origin, insertion, action for flexor digitorum
O - medial epicondyle of humerus
I - middle phalanges of 2nd to 5th finger
A - flexion of digits
Antagonist for flexor digitorum
extensor digitorum
Origin, insertion, action for extensor carpi radialis longus
O - lateral epicondyle of humerus
I - 2nd and 3rd metacarpals
A - extends and abducts wrist
Antagonist for extensor carpi radialis longus
flexor carpi radialis
Synergist for extensor carpi radialis longus
extensor carpi ulnaris
Origin, insertion, action for extensor digitorum
O - lateral epicondyle of humerus
I - posterior surfaces of distal phalanges in 2nd to 5th digits
A - extends fingers and wrist, adducts fingers
Antagonist for extensor digitorum
flexor digitorum
Origin, insertion, action for extensor carpi ulnaris
O - lateral epicondyle of humerus
I - 5th metacarpal
A - extends and adducts wrist
Antagonist for extensor carpi ulnaris
flexor carpi ulnaris
Synergist for extensor carpi ulnaris
extensor carpi radialis
Function of cerebrum
thinking, movement control, senses
Function of olfactory bulb
processing smell
Function of medulla oblongata
regulates vital autonomic functions
Function of superior colliculi
visual processing
Function of inferior colliculi
auditory information
Function of mamillary body
memory
Function of pineal gland
produces and regulates melatonin
Function of choroid plexus
producing CSF
Function of cerebellum
voluntary movements, balance, posture
Function of cornea
focuses light into eyes
Function of sclera
structural support and maintain shape
Function of retina
converts light to initiate visual perception
Function of lens
focuses light into retina (focuses eyes to perceive near or far)
Function of fovea centralis
sharp central vision and color perception
Function of lacrimal gland
produces tears
Function of tympanic membrane
converts sound waves into vibrations
Function of oval window
transmits sound vibrations from middle ear to inner ear
Function of auditory tube
connects middle ear to nasopharynx, equalizes air pressure for hearing and balance
Function of semicircular canals
maintain balance and detect rotational movements of the head
Function of cochlea
converting sound vibrations into neural signals for auditory processing