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Anatomy > Exam 3 Chapter 17 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Chapter 17 Flashcards

1
Q

How do hormones reach their target calls?

A

through the bloodstream
- enter in the capillaries and enter the tissue fluid
- only influence activity of their target cells

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2
Q

What are the three types of stimuli that regulate secretion from endocrine cells?

A

humoral stimuli, nervous stimuli, or hormonal stimuli

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3
Q

How do tropic hormones secreted by the pituitary differ in action from the other pituitary hormones?

A

tropic hormones regulate the secretion of hormones by other endocrine glands
- nontropic hormones act directly on nonendocrine target tissues

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4
Q

Where are the hormones produced that are secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary?

A

hypothalamus

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5
Q

Where are the hormones produced that are secreted by the anterior lobe?

A

cells of this gland

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6
Q

Name the target organ for oxytocin.

A

uterus and breast

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7
Q

Name the target organ for ACTH.

A

Adrenal cortex

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8
Q

Name the target organ for FHS.

A

ovaries in females and testes in males

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9
Q

Name the target organs for ADH.

A

kidneys

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10
Q

What specific region of the adrenal gland produces aldosterone?

A

zona glomerulosa
- outer layer of the adrenal cortex

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11
Q

Why is the adrenal medulla referred to as a modified sympathetic ganglion?

A

it secretes norepinephrine and epinephrine when stimulated by preganglionic sympathetic neurons

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12
Q

What hormone directly stimulates the secretion of the glucocorticoids from the adrenal cortex and where is this hormone produced?

A

ACTH produced by anterior pituitary

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13
Q

Where are the endocrine cells of the pancreas located?

A

pancreatic islets

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14
Q

What structure, other than the ovaries, produces estrogens and progesterone?

A

in a developing fetus
- produced in placenta

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15
Q

What is the major stimulus for the release of estrogens?

A

hormonal

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16
Q

What hormone stimulates cell division in the epiphyseal plates of growing bones?

A

growth hormone

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17
Q

What hormone is involved in water balance and causes the kidneys to conserve water?

A

antidiuretic hormone

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18
Q

What hormone stimulates milk production?

A

prolactin

19
Q

What hormone stimulates milk ejection?

A

oxytocin

20
Q

What tropic hormone stimulates the gonads to secrete sex hormones?

A

luteinizing hormone

21
Q

What hormone increases basal metabolic rate?

A

thyroid hormone

22
Q

What tropic hormone stimulates the thyroid gland to secrete thyroid hormone?

A

thyroid-stimulating hormone

23
Q

What hormone adjusts blood sugar levels and helps the body cope with stress?

A

cortisol

24
Q

What hormone is secreted by the pineal gland?

A

melatonin

25
Q

What hormone increases blood calcium levels?

A

parathyroid hormone

26
Q

What hormone is secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary?

A

antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin

27
Q

What hormone is a steroid?

A

cortisol

28
Q

What does the pars distalis of the anterior pituitary secrete?

A

growth hormone, gonadotropins, thyroid-stimulating hormone

29
Q

What type of hormone is any endocrine cell in the pars distalis?

A

protein hormone

30
Q

What type of hormone is the interstitial cell in the testis?

A

steroid hormone

31
Q

What type of hormone are parathyroid cells in the parathyroid gland?

A

protein hormone

32
Q

What type of hormone is a zone fasciculata cell?

A

steroid hormone

33
Q

What type of hormone is a follicle cell in the ovary that secretes sex hormones?

A

steroid hormone

34
Q

What type of hormone are parafollicular cells in the thyroid gland?

A

protein hormone

35
Q

What secretes releasing or inhibiting hormones?

A

hypothalamic neurons

36
Q

What do some kidney cells produce?

A

erythropoietin

37
Q

What is the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland the same as?

A

adenohypophysis

38
Q

What 2 hormones are produced by the thyroid gland?

A

calcitonin and thyroid hormone

39
Q

What 2 hormones are produced by the pancreas?

A

glucagon and insulin

40
Q

What 2 hormones are produced by the adrenal gland?

A

cortisol and norepinephrine

41
Q

What 2 hormones are produced by the posterior lobe of the pituitary?

A

oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone

42
Q

What 2 hormones are produced by the ovaries?

A

estrogen and progesterone

43
Q

Which of the following statements is incorrect?
- anterior lobe of the pituitary gland secretes seven different hormones.
- infundibulum connects the pituitary gland to the hypothalamus.
- portal veins connect the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland to the hypothalamus
- pars distalis is the largest part of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland.

A

Portal veins connect the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland to the hypothalamus
- Hypophyseal portal system connects hypothalamus with the anterior pituitary gland.

Anatomy (22 decks)

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