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Anatomy > Exam 1 Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the difference between histology and radiography?

A

Histology: microscopic study of tissue structure
Radiography: study of internal body structures from xx-ray and other imaging techniques

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2
Q

Define pathology

A

study of disease

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3
Q

Define hepatitis

A

inflammation of liver

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4
Q

Define brachial

A

arm

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5
Q

Define leukocyte

A

white cell

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6
Q

Define pneumonia

A

condition of air

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7
Q

Define a tissue. List the 4 types of tissues in the body and state the function of each.

A

tissue: group of cells and associated extracellular material of similar structure with a common function
1) Epithelial tissue: covering or lining tissue
2) Connective tissue: functions in support and protection
3) Muscle tissue: produces movement
4) Nervous tissue: allows for internal communication by electrical impulses

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8
Q

What organ system eliminates wastes and regulates water and ion balance?

A

urinary system

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9
Q

What organ system is fast-acting control system that integrates body activities?

A

nervous system

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10
Q

What organ system supplies blood with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide?

A

respiratory system

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11
Q

Describe the location of the liver in reference to the heart using directional terms.

A

The liver is inferior to the heart and extends laterally in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen.

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12
Q

What is the outer layer of serous membrane that lines the pleural cavity called?

A

parietal pleural effusion

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13
Q

What is the correct sequence of levels forming the body’s structural hierarchy?

A

chemical
cellular
tissue
organ
organ system
organismal

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14
Q

Fill in the blank: the heart is located ___ to the diaphragm.

A

superior

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15
Q

Fill in the blank: the muscles are ___ to the skin.

A

deep

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16
Q

Fill in the blank: the shoulder is ___ to the elbow.

A

proximal

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17
Q

Fill in the blank: in anatomical position, the thumb is ___ to the index finger.

A

lateral

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18
Q

Fill in the blank: the vertebral region is ___ to the scapular region.

A

medial

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19
Q

Fill in the blank: the nose is ___ to the chin.

A

superior

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20
Q

Fill in the blank: the toes are ___ to the heel.

A

anterior

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21
Q

Which cavity is the brain in?

A

cranial

22
Q

Which cavity is the digestive viscera in?

A

abdominal

23
Q

What cavity are the lungs in?

A

thoracic

24
Q

What cavity is the urinary bladder in?

A

pelvic

25
Q

Which cavity is the heart in?

A

thoracic

26
Q

Which cavity is the spinal cord in?

A

vertebral

27
Q

What cavity are the reproductive organs in?

A

pelvic

28
Q

Which of organs are cut by the midsagittal plane of the body?

A

urinary bladder, small intestine, heart

29
Q

What abdominopelvic quadrant is the spleen in?

A

LUQ

30
Q

What abdominopelvic quadrant is the initial part of sigmoid colon in?

A

LLQ

31
Q

What abdominopelvic quadrant is gallbladder in?

A

RUQ

32
Q

What abdominopelvic quadrant is cecum in?

A

RLQ

33
Q

Fill in the blank: the ventral surface of the body is the same as its ___ surface.

A

anterior

34
Q

What serous membrane covers the surface of the heart?

A

visceral pericardium

35
Q

What serous membrane forms the outer lining of the pericardium?

A

parietal pericardium

36
Q

What serous membrane lines the wall of the thoracic cavity?

A

parietal pleura

37
Q

What serous membrane covers the outer membrane of the small intestine?

A

visceral peritoneum

38
Q

What is histology similar to?

A

microscopic anatomy

39
Q

Describe the anatomical position and assume this position.

A

person stands straight with feet flat on the floor, toes pointed forward and eyes facing forward
palms face anteriorly with thumbs pointed away from the body

40
Q

What organ system are the following organs part of: thymus, thyroid, ovary, pancreas?

A

endocrine system

41
Q

What organ system are the following organs part of: nasal cavity, larynx, bronchi, lungs?

A

respiratory system

42
Q

What organ system are the following organs part of: kidney, ureter, urethra?

A

urinary system

43
Q

What is bilateral symmetry? Name some abdominal organs that are not symmetrical.

A

bilateral symmetry: left and right sides are mirror images
examples: stomach and liver

44
Q

What is the formal regional term for arm?

A

brachial

45
Q

What is the formal regional term for chest?

A

thorax

46
Q

What is the formal regional term for thigh?

A

femoral

47
Q

What is the formal regional term for navel?

A

umbilical

48
Q

What is the formal regional term for limbs?

A

appendages

48
Q

Define superior/inferior, dorsal/ventral, medial/lateral, and superficial/deep.

A

Superior/inferior: top of head to bottom of the body
Dorsal/ventral OR Posterior/anterior: back of the body to the front of the body
Medial/lateral: middle of body to the ends of the body
Superficial/deep OR external/internal: body surface to inner body

49
Q

What are the cavities in the dorsal and ventral cavities?

A

dorsal: cranial and vertebral cavity
ventral: Thoracic (superior mediastinum, pleural, pericardial), abdominal, and pelvic

50
Q

What is the sacral, cervical, and carpal regions of a female?

A

sacral: between lower back and tailbone
cervical: neck
carpal: wrist

Anatomy (22 decks)

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