practice questions Flashcards
Baby john was admitted with streptococcal pharyngitis. Upon discharge his mother was told to return to the doctors in 2 weeks with a urine specimen. The urine would mostly be examined
a) For fat and lipids to see if the kidneys are working
b) For protein to determine if acute glomerulonephritis is developing
c) To determine if the child is developing otitis media
d) To determine if the child should be kept on a liquid diet or progressed to a soft
b) For protein to determine if acute glomerulonephritis is developing
Reduction of complications of rheumatic fever can be accomplished through which of the following interventions
a) Administration of penicillin to children with strep throat or impetigo
b) Beginning speech therapy to reserve damage after antibiotics are completed
c) Pushing children with chorea to perform activities requiring fine motor movement to strengthen muscles
d) Withholding salicylates to prevent joint haemorrhage
a) Administration of penicillin to children with strep throat or impetigo
Newborns with heart disease are frequently brought to health professionals initially because the infant is having
a) Difficulty sleeping
b) Irritability and restlessness
c) Difficulty feeding
d) Cyanotic spells
c) Difficulty feeding
Amy is 3 months old, with a 2 day history of vomiting. Which of the following is NOT indicative of a decreased hydration status
a) Sunken fontanelle
b) Decreased number of wet nappies
c) Skin that is hot to the touch
d) Increased heart rate
c) Skin that is hot to the touch
Erikson’s theory of human development describes
a) Eight psychosocial crises all people are thought to face
b) Four psychosocial stages and a period of latency
c) The same number of stages as Freud but with different names
d) A stage theory that is not psychoanalytic
a) Eight psychosocial crises all people are thought to face
According to Piaget, the stage of cognitive development that generally characterises pre school children is the
a) Preoperational stage
b) Sensorimotor stage
c) Oral stage
d) Psychosocial stage
a) Preoperational stage
Pediculosis is common childhood infestation. It is commonly known as
a) Pin worms
b) Foot eczema
c) Head lice
d) Scabies
c) Head lice
While caring for a child recovering from viral pneumonia, you examine his lungs for evidence of exudate and fluid. Which finding would suggest cause for concern
a) A respiratory rate of 20 heard on auscultation
b) Dullness of his lower lobes heard on percussion
c) A longer inspiratory than expiratory rate noticed on inspection
d) Fine rhonchi heart in the upper lobe on auscultation
b) Dullness of his lower lobes heard on percussion
You take an infant’s apical pulse before administering digoxin. What is the usually accepted level of pulse rate considered safe for administering digoxin to an 8 month
old baby
a) 60 bpm
b) 80 bpm
c) 100 bpm
d) 150 bpm
c) 100 bpm
Which of the following nursing diagnosis would best apply to a child with rheumatic fever
a) Ineffective breathing pattern related to cardiomegaly
b) Activity intolerance related to inability of heart to sustain extra workload
c) Sleep pattern disturbance related to hyperexcitability
d) High risk of violence related to development of cerebral anoxia
b) Activity intolerance related to inability of heart to sustain extra workload
Which of the following statements is NOT true
a) Health professionals recommend exclusive breast feeding until the age of 4
months
b) Uterine involution is slowed by breast feeding
c) Almost all drugs are excreted to some extent in breast mild
d) Oxytocin is released by breastfeeding
b) Uterine involution is slowed by breast feeding
Which of the following statements is NOT true of bacterial meningitis
a) Bacterial meningitis often presents with flu like symptoms initially
b) A rash may or may not be present
c) There is usually no associated temperature rise
d) A rash, if present, does not blanch under direct pressure
c) There is usually no associated temperature rise
Fill in the gaps in the following statement
Type I (insulin dependent) diabetes is characterised by almost no __________ secretion. This contributes to a build up of __________ in the blood stream. If exogenous insulin is not administered __________ and __________ will develop
a) Insulin, glucose, hyperglycaemia and ketoacidosis
b) Glucose, insulin, hyperglycaemia and ketoacidosis
c) Glucose, insulin, hypoglycaemia, and unconsciousness
d) Insulin, hormones, ketoacidosis and unconsciousness
a) Insulin, glucose, hyperglycaemia and ketoacidosis
Which of the following would the nurse explain to the mother of a child receiving digoxin (lanoxin) as the primary reason for giving this drug
a) To relax the walls of the hearts arteries
b) To improve the strength of the heartbeat
c) To prevent irregularities in ventricular contractions
d) To decrease inflammation of the heart wall
b) To improve the strength of the heartbeat
The causative organism for rheumatic fever is
a) Haemophilus influenzae
b) Staphylococcus bacteria
c) Syncytial virus
d) Group A streptococcal bacteria
d) Group A streptococcal bacteria
The most serious complication of rheumatic fever is
a) Endocarditis
b) Pneumonia
c) Arthritis
d) Meningitis
a) Endocarditis
After teaching a group of school teachers about seizures, the teachers’ role play a scenario involving a child experiencing a generalised tonic clonic seizure. Which of the following actions, when performed first, indicates that the nurses teaching has been successful
a) Asking the other children what happened before the seizure
b) Moving the child to the nurses office for privacy
c) Removing any nearby objects that could harm the child
d) Placing a padded tongue blade between the child’s teeth
c) Removing any nearby objects that could harm the child
Which of the following statements obtained from the nursing history of a toddler would alert the nurse to suspect the child has had a febrile seizure
a) The child has had a low grade fever for several weeks
b) The family history is negative for convulsions
c) The seizure resulted in respiratory arrest
d) The seizure occurred when the child had a respiratory infection
d) The seizure occurred when the child had a respiratory infection
Which of the following, if described by the parents of a child with cystic fibrosis, indicates that the parents understand the underlying problem of the disease
a) An abnormality in the body’s mucus secreting glands
b) Formation of fibrous cysts in various body organs
c) Failure of the pancreatic ducts to develop properly
d) Reaction to the formation of antibodies against streptococcus
a) An abnormality in the body’s mucus secreting glands
A father brings his 3 month old infant to the clinic, reporting that the infant has a cold, is having trouble breathing and just doesn’t seem to be acting right. Which of the following actions would the nurse do first
a) Check the infants heart rate
b) Weight the infant
c) Assess the infants oxygen saturation
d) Obtain more information from the father
c) Assess the infants oxygen saturation
Which of the following would be an important assessment finding for an 8 month old infant admitted with severe diarrhoea
a) Absent bowel sounds
b) Pale yellow urine
c) Normal skin elasticity
d) Depressed anterior fontanel
d) Depressed anterior fontanel
Which of the following would first alert the nurse to suspect that a child with severe gastroenteritis who has been receiving intravenous therapy for the past several hours may be developing circulatory overload
a) A drop in blood pressure
b) Change to slow, deep respirations
c) Auscultation of moist crackles
d) Marked increase in urine output
c) Auscultation of moist crackles
The stool culture of a child with profuse diarrhoea reveals salmonella bacilli. After teaching the mother about the course of salmonella enteritis, which of the following statements by the mother indicates effective teaching
a) Some people become carriers and stay infectious for a long time
b) After the acute state passes, the organism is usually not present in the stool
c) Although the organism may be alive indefinitely, in time it will be of no danger to
anyone
d) If my child continues to have the organism in the stool, an antitoxin can help
destroy the organism
a) Some people become carriers and stay infectious for a long time
A mother of a 1 month old infant state that she is curious as to whether her infant is developing normally. Which of the following developmental milestones would the nurse expect the infant to perform
a) Smiling and laughing out loud
b) Rolling from side to side
c) Holding a rattle briefly
d) Turning the head from side to side
d) Turning the head from side to side
Which of the following age groups are most susceptible to meningococcal meningitis
a) Children below 5 years of age
b) Children between 3.6 years (preschool)
c) School age children
d) Adolescents
a) Children below 5 years of age
Persons with an acute psychotic illness have most difficulty in
a) Meeting dependency needs
b) Maintaining grooming and personal hygiene
c) Distinguishing between reality and unreality
d) Displaying personal feelings
c) Distinguishing between reality and unreality
People who have a personality disorder
a) Frequently progress to a psychotic illness
b) Become psychotic under severe stress
c) Are known as borderline personalities
d) Have ongoing difficulties in relating to others
d) Have ongoing difficulties in relating to others
Neurotic disorders are associated with
a) Inadequacy and poor stress management
b) Maladaptive behaviour related to anxiety
c) Inability to cope with demands and perceived stress
d) Family patterns of inappropriate behaviour
b) Maladaptive behaviour related to anxiety
Which of the following statements about tardive dyskinesia is true
a) Symptoms are often permanent and do not improve with antiparkinsonian medication
b) Symptoms will diminish as the client adjusts to long term treatment
c) Clients are seldom concerned about features of tardive dyskinesia
d) Antiparkinsonian medication will suppress the main features of tardive dyskinesia
a) Symptoms are often permanent and do not improve with antiparkinsonian medication
persons who have a neurotic disorder
a) have a minor disorder that will diminish with time and maturity
b) respond well to electro convulsive therapy
c) do not develop psychotic features
d) frequently have insight into their behaviour
d) frequently have insight into their behaviour
a social factor contributing to the incidence of eating disorders is
a) economic disadvantage
b) educational disadvantage
c) gender stereotyping
d) unemployment
c) gender stereotyping
The most common features of chronic organic psychosis are
a) fluctuating confusion and disorientation
b) persistent elated mood and hyperactivity
c) thought blocking and concrete thinking
d) social withdrawal and paranoid ideation
d) social withdrawal and paranoid ideation
phobia is best described as
a) a fear related to an identifiable traumatic event in one’s life
b) an irrational fear of a specific situation or object
c) a series of repetitive behaviours designed to relieve anxiety
d) a general sense of impending doom
b) an irrational fear of a specific situation or object
the most appropriate treatment for phobias is
a) anxiolytic drugs
b) cognitive restructuring
c) relaxation exercises
d) systematic desensitisation
most appropriate treatment for phobias is
b) cognitive restructuring
anxiety is best described as
a) mild form of psychosis
b) disorder of mood
c) response to stress
d) distorted sense of perception
c) response to stress
A person who is currently acutely depressed expresses an intention to self harm. Your initial response would be to
a) Distract the client by talking about less depressing thoughts or ideas
b) Encourage the client to discuss their ideas of suicide to establish potential for self
harm
c) Suggest the client involves themselves with other clients to establish supportive
relationships
d) Ask the client to explain their reasons for contemplating self harm
person who is currently acutely depressed expresses an intention to self harm. Your
b) Encourage the client to discuss their ideas of suicide to establish potential for self
harm
A depressed client is prescribed amitriptyline. This would have the effect of
a) Clarifying his thought processes
b) Helping to raise his mood
c) Eliminating negative ideas
d) Promoting greater self awareness
b) Helping to raise his mood
For a client suffering from mania who is unable to sleep the best approach is to
a) Fully involve the client in physical activities and exercise programmes during
daytime
b) Encourage the client to talk about underlying feelings or stressors
c) Nurse in low stimulus environment and administer prescribed antipsychotic medication
d) Place in seclusion using medication only as a last resort
c) Nurse in low stimulus environment and administer prescribed antipsychotic medication
A client who is subject to a community treatment order section 29 of the mental health act (1992) must
a) Accept prescribed medication and attend any specified treatment center
b) Report on a weekly basis to a community mental health centre
c) Return to hospital after a period of three months for a psychiatric assessment
d) Name a primary caregiver who will accept responsibility for the clients care and
supervision
a) Accept prescribed medication and attend any specified treatment center
One reason for ordering an individual charged with an offence to have psychiatric examination is to determine whether that person
a) Is likely to have committed the offence he is charged with
b) Has a previous personal or family history of psychiatric illness
c) Was suffering from a mental illness at the time of the alleged offence
d) Has a mental illness which would respond to a programmed of treatment
c) Was suffering from a mental illness at the time of the alleged offence
The drug most commonly used in the long term treatment of bi polar disorder is
a) Diazepam
b) Lithium carbonate
c) Clozapine
d) Sodium Amytal
b) Lithium carbonate
A client who is committed under the mental health act (1992) is discharged from hospital on leave. When visited by the community mental health nurse he refused his injection of antipsychotic medication which is due that day. The best initial approach to this would be to
a) Explain that this will mean his immediate return to hospital
b) Visit again the next day and attempt to persuade the client to accept his medication
c) Inform the medical staff so that the clients legal status can be changed
d) Explore with the client alternative forms of treatment to medication
a) Explain that this will mean his immediate return to hospital
A client expresses the belief that he is the illegitimate son of a famous family. This is an example of
a) Paranoid thinking
b) Pressure of speech
c) A delusion of grandeur
d) Ideas of reference
c) A delusion of grandeur
Long term use of benzodiazepine drugs (minor tranquillisers) such as diazepam
(valium) can lead to
a) Tardive dyskinesia
b) Dependence
c) Renal impairment
d) Akathisia
b) Dependence
Long acting intramuscular antipsychotic medication is used in the treatment of schizophrenia because it
a) Has fewer side effects than oral medication
b) Has a greater antipsychotic action
c) Is more rapidly absorbed than oral medication
d) Ensures that clients receive their medication
c) Is more rapidly absorbed than oral medication
Which of the following statements related to the treatment, with lithium carbonate, of person with bipolar disorder is true
a) Most will need to take lithium carbonate for an extended period of time, perhaps for life
b) Once the persons mood becomes euthymic, treatment can be discontinued in most cases
c) Because of the need to maintain constant blood levels, long term injections is the preferred form of treatment
d) Treatment is most effective in the acute stage of the illness although some people will need long term treatment
d) Treatment is most effective in the acute stage of the illness although some people
will need long term treatment