Practical Research Summative Q3 Flashcards
A ______________ is an intellectual stimulus calling for an
answer in the form of scientific inquiry. It is a general question about relations among variables that you need to undertake as a researcher.
research topic or problem
A ______________ is any researchable research problem geared toward a possible result.
quantitative research problem
What are the four sources of quantitative research problem?
- Personal experiences and interests
- Related studies and literature
- Prevailing theories and philosophies
- Funding agencies
What is the criteria of good quantitative research problem?
Feasible
Interesting
Novel
Ethical
Relevant
FINER
The ______________ summarizes the main idea or ideas of the study you are conducting.
research title
It is the most important element that defines the research study because it is the part of a paper that is read the most, and it is usually read first.
Research Title
What are the 4 things that a research title must contain?
A. research problem
B. setting of study
C. respondents/participants involved
D. time or period when study is conducted
The ___________ establishes the context of the research.
background of research
This section explains why your particular research topic is important and essential to investigate. It justifies the need for conducting it and summarizes what the study
aims to achieve.
Background of Research
What are the 4 elements of bg of research?
- Research justification
- Summary of the literature review
- The research aim or objective
- The summary of the research design
ElementsBG. This involves providing your reader critical background or contextual information that introduces your topic area. This also indicates why your research is important. You can write it by presenting a central concern or to which your research relates.
Research justification
ElementsBG. This part includes a review of the existing
literature on the area of your research, leading up to your topic.
Summary of literature review
ElementsBG. This is a concise statement at the close of the literature review indicating the general aim or purpose of your research project.
research aim or objective
ElementsBG. This explains how the research aims will
be achieved.
summary of research design
__________ are the subparts of the main research problem which are also called sub problems.
The answer to these will lead to the resolution of the main researchable research problem.
Research questions
What are the 3 characteristics of research questions?
- Research questions must add up to the totality of the problem statement.
- Each research question should be a completely researchable unit in and of itself.
- Interpretation of data should be apparent in a research question, like that in a researchable problem.
Totality, Researchable, Apparent
The _____________ of the study simply presents the topic and boundaries of the research problem you are going to investigate.
scope and delimitations
__________ refers to the coverage at which the research area will be explored.
Scope
To write good scope, consider:
Why – the general aims and objectives (purpose) of the research.
What – the topic of investigation
Where – the location or setting of the study (the place where the data will be gathered)
When – the timeframe within which the data is to be collected.
Who – the subject of the study and the population from which they will be selected. This population needs to be large enough to be able to make generalizations.
How – how the research is to be conducted, including a description of the research design, methodology, research tools and analysis techniques.
___________ is the parameters or characteristics that limit the scope and set the boundaries of the study.
Delimitation
What is the chapter 1 usually titled as?
Introduction
or
Problem and Its Setting
4 main parts (?) for chapter 1
Background of the Study
Statement of Problem/Statement of Purpose
Significance of the Study
Scope an Delimitation of the Study
Chapter1. In this section, the researcher provides a brief account of the rationale of choosing the research topic.
It contains description of the situations and conditions that made you decide of conducting study on such topic.
Background of the Study
Chapter1. This section presents the problem or the objectives of the research work that needs to be resolved and that should be stated precisely, accurately, and clearly.
Statement of the Problem/Purpose
What are the two problems to be stated in statement of problem/purpose?
- Major (general or main) problem
- Minor (specific) problem / sub-problems
The __________ consists of the general purpose of the study which is usually patterned from the research title.
general problem
The ________ are the research questions you have formulated in order to solve the main problem.
sub-problems
Chapter1. This section provides justification of your study. It contains statements of the contribution of the study.
It also includes the potential beneficiaries of the
research and the possible uses of the results.
Significance of the Study
Chapter1. This section sets the boundaries of the study you are going to conduct. In social science research, the following questions are answered:
who - the subjects (including the population and sample)
what - variables studied
when - the time frame
where - locale of the study
how - short statement of the research methodology
Scope and Delimitation of the study
A __________, in the social sciences, usually has an organizational pattern and combines both summary and synthesis, often within specific conceptual categories.
literature review
Purpose of literature review:
➢ To know the different concepts, ideas, theories that are related to your study and learn from them through connecting them with your own research paper.
➢ To have more basis in proving that your research topic is correct and relevant.
➢ To learn more terms, especially the unfamiliar ones, that are related to your study.
➢ To connect the past researches, thesis or dissertation to your current research study.
➢ To know the connectedness of your paper to the current situation of the country and of the world.
4 guidelines in selecting relevant literature:
- Examine title
- Screening for inclusion
- Extracting Data
- Analyzing and synthesizing data
TIED AD
What are the 4 most common citation styles?
APA (American Psychological Association)
MLA (Modern Language Association)
AMA (American Medical Association) or Vancouver
Chicago Manual of Style
CitationStyle. It is an author/date-based citation style.
This means the emphasis is placed on the author and the date of a piece of work to uniquely identify it. (Author, date) Author (Date)
APA (American Psychological Association)
CitationStyle. It is the most often used in arts and
humanities papers particularly in the USA. It is probably the most used of all citation styles.
Unlike in APA, this emphasizes on the author and page of the article/source used. (Author page), Author (page)
MLA (Modern Language Association)
CitationStyle. Mainly used in medical and scientific papers.
AMA (American Medical Association) or Vancouver
CitationStyle. It includes two systems for in-text citation such as author-date system and notes-bibliography system. The NB system is mostly used in historical papers. It is almost similar to that of the APA in-text citation style.
Chicago Manual of Style
The ____________ serves as the outline that you can follow in doing your research.
conceptual framework
A conceptual framework is sometimes called the ______ of the research as it shows the overview or plan in doing it.
blueprint
3 purposes of narrative form of conceptual framework:
- walkthrough
- clarifies connections and relationships
- literature and studies
WRL
4 guidelines in composing narrative conceptual framework:
- state topic
- refer to diagram
- use literature
- return and revise
Topic, Diagram, Literature, R&R
The ____________ is just like the dictionary of your research paper, the difference is, it includes only the terms used in your study. This means that you have to take note of the words you’ve used, especially the ones specific only to your field, formulas, acronyms, etc.
definition of terms
What are the two types of definition?
conceptual and operational
Definition. This is the universal definition that is accepted worldwide. Additionally, the meaning of the term is mostly taken from the dictionary.
Conceptual Definition
Definition. The definition is based on the observed characteristics and how it is used in the study.
Operational Definition
__________ is a prediction of what might be the answer to your research question/s and it typically focused on the relationship of two different variables used
in the study
Hypothesis
What format is hypothesis written in?
Declarative format
two types of hypotheses
null hypothesis (Ho)
alternative hypothesis (Ha)
Hypothesis. Represents a theory that has been put forward, either because it is believed to be true or because it is to be used as a basis for argument but has not been proven.
Null Hypothesis (Ho)
Hypothesis. It is a statement of what a hypothesis test is set up to establish. This is the opposite of the Ho hypothesis and can only be reached once the that is rejected. It is mostly the actual desired answer of the researcher/s.
Alternative Hypothesis (Ha)
4 techniques for writing a synthesis
- Summary
- Example or Illustration
- Two (or more) reasons
- Comparison and Contrast
SERC
5 Guidelines for Literature Review
- Refer to the statement of the problem in discussing the literature so that you would know what variable comes first, second, etc.
- Avoid plagiarism! It’s easy to “copy/cut/paste” but you will not achieve a coherent whole if you do this.
- Keep in mind the citation guideline to be used and give credits appropriately.
- Any citation mentioned in the body should be congruent with that of listed in the reference list/bibliography.
- The last part of your literature should highlight the “gaps” in literature and smoothly insert the reason why you are conducting the study.
