Earth Science Rocks Flashcards
Properties of Rocks
- Naturally occurring
- Solid
- May contain organic materials
- NO definite chemical composition
Example of “may contain organic materials”
Fossils, shells, teeth, bones
Rocks may compose _________________.
Two or more minerals
Example of a rock containing two or more minerals
Granite (igneous rock) - feldspar, mica, quartz
Any naturally occurring solid mass or aggregate of minerals or mineraloid matter.
Rocks
Three types of rocks
Igneous Rocks
Sedimentary Rocks
Metamorphic Rocks
Rocks that came from melted rock material (magma) or lava.
Igneous Rock
Type of Rock. When the magma cools down, it solidifies (namumuo) forming yung minerals sa loob. (Crystallization)
Igneous Rock
Two Classification of Igneous Rocks
Intrusive, Extrusive
Classification of Igneous Rock. Crystallize below Earth’s surface, and the slow cooling that occurs there allows large crystals to form.
Intrusive Igneous Rocks
Classification of Igneous Rock. Erupt onto the surface where they cool down quickly to form small crystals.
Extrusive Igneous Rocks
Intrusive igneous rocks are also known as ________
PLUTONIC
Extrusive igneous rocks are also known as ________
VOLCANIC
Examples of Intrusive Igneous Rocks
Granite, Diorite, Pegmatite, Gabbro
Examples of Extrusive Igneous Rocks
Obsidian, Basalt, Andesite, Pumice, Rhyolite
Cooling time of intrusive and extrusive:
Intrusive: Thousands of years
Extrusive: Seconds to months
What does categorized “By Texture” mean?
Depends on the size of the crystals
By Texture. One that has large crystals.
Course-Grained (Part of Intrusive Rocks)
Examples of Course-Grained Rocks
Granite, Diorite, Gabbro, Peridotite
By Texture. One that has small crystals.
Fine-Grained (Part of Extrusive Rocks)
Examples of Fine-Grained Rocks
Rhyolite, Andesite, Basalt, Komatiite
By Chemical Composition. Grey to Black, Black to Olive Green Silicates.
Mafic (Basaltic), Ultramafic
By Texture. Mix, it has large embedded in small crystals.
Porphyritic
By Texture. No crystals, kapag sobrang bilis ng cooling this may happen.
Glassy
Examples of Glassy Rocks
Pumice, Obsidian
Not used often. By Texture. Butas-butas
Vesicular
Examples of Vesicular
Pumice, Scoria
By Chemical Composition. Light, Light to Dark Grey Silicates.
Felsic (Granitic), Intermediate (Andesitic)