Poultry Flashcards
What is far top differential in a chick sharing signs of respiratory disease and has cream colored plaques throughout the lungs on necropsy
Aspergillosis infection - brooder pneumonia, mycotic pneumonia or pneumomycosis
How do you treat aspergillosis infections
Cull affected birds and disinfect facilities - no useful treatment
What is histamonous melegridisa
A protozoan parasite (blackhead or infectious enterohepatitis) - causes extensive necrosis of the liver and the team
What can you not use to treat coccidiosis in Turkeys
salinimycin - a coccidiostat that is toxic to turkeys at low doses
How do you treat coccidiosis in Turkeys
Amprolium or sulfonamides
What clinical signs do you expect to see in coccidiosis in turkeys
Depressed mention, ruffled feathers, mucous blood stained diarrhea
What is round heart disease in Turkeys
Spontaneous cardiomyopathy in young turkeys less than a weeks
What clinical signs might you see in round heart disease in turkeys (or on necropsy)
Respiratory distress then sudden death, ruffled feathers /unkempt look) enlarged heart and ventricles, congested lungs , enlarged liver, ascites or CHF
What would you expect to see with children’s and turkeys affected by reticuloendotheliosis
Runting ( weight loss, paleness, paralysis), acute neoplasia, b and t cell lymphoma
A deficiency in what would lead to clinical signs like stunting, poor feathering, short thick bowed legs and chondrodysplasia (why is this important)
Choline deficiency - helps mobilize accumulated abdominal fat and prevents fatty liver syndrome
What are other names for Avian fowl pox and what are the two forms
Sore head or avian diphtheria - dry form and wet form
How is avian pox spread through flocks
Slow spread by contact or mosquitos
Describe the dry form of avian pox - signs, prognosis
Raised white wart like lesions on unfettered areas (head, leg, vent), causes unthriftiness, decreased egg production and retarded growth, low mortality and lesions heal in 2 weeks
Describe the wet form of avian pox
Involves oral cavity and upper respiratory tract, diptheritic lesions that an ulcerate or erode mucous membranes - can lead to mortality if severe
What are diptheretic lesions
Ulcerative , vesicles, covered by a pseudo membrane, skin sores
How do you treat Avian pox
A pox virus so no effective treatment - best to prevent with vaccines
Describe the vaccine for avian pox
One vaccine leads to permanent immunity
What is the causative agent of fowl cholera
Pastarella multocida - gram negative non motile rod
Sudden onset of coughing that is widespread and causing some abortions leads you to suspect which disease
Swine influenza
What sort of sample will you need to diagnose swine influenza
Nasal swab - swine influenza causes systemic disease through a high fever (not spread through blood)
What is the classic presentation of egg drop syndrome
Poor eggshell quality and healthy birds
What is the classic presentation of egg drop syndrome
Poor eggshell quality and healthy birds
What avers are affected by the wet pox form
Upper respiratory tract - lesions in mouth and throat
What diseases process leads to bollinger bodies
Pox viruses - wet or dry form
E.coli in a broiler flock can lead to what triad of lesions - how is it spread
Fibrin’s pericarditis, perihopatitis, air sacculitis - bacteria access bloodstream through respiratory tract or intestines
E.coli in a broiler flock can lead to what triad of lesions - how is it spread
Fibrin’s pericarditis, perihopatitis, air sacculitis - bacteria access bloodstream through respiratory tract or intestines
What clinical signs would you see with malabsorption syndrome in chicks
Stunted growth, poor feathering (broken or twisted feathers), orange feces or intestinal contents
What clinical signs would you see with malabsorption syndrome in chicks
Stunted growth, poor feathering (broken or twisted feathers), orange feces or intestinal contents
What is a differential for pale, wrinkled eggs
Infectious bronchitis virus - respiratory disease causing sneezing , conjunctivitis, facial swelling and weird eggs
What is a differential for pale, wrinkled eggs
Infectious bronchitis virus - respiratory disease causing sneezing , conjunctivitis, facial swelling and weird eggs
What is considered the scaly leg mite in birds and poultry
Knemidoctopes mutans
Lymphoma in chickens on be caused by - or-
Mareks disease and lymphoid leukosis virus
What is dermanyssus gallinae and what does it cause
Poultry red mite causing anemia
What clinical signs are you likely to see with bordetella avium
Information of sinuses , clear nasal discharge, coughing, changes in vocalization, difficulty breathing, exudate on skin and around eyes
Which species are more likely infected with bordetella avium
Turkeys and poults
What is the most common source of infection of bordetella avium on multi age farms
Recovered carriers in older flocks
What is Turkey coryza
Bordetella avium, or turkey bordetellosis
What is an important thing to tell workers going between turkey flocks on the farm and why
Never go from older flocks to young flocks to prevent spread of bordetella avium
Describe infection with mycoplasma gallisepticum (mg)
Chronic disease, nasal exudate, coughing and debilitation
What is the causative agent of infectious sinusitis in turkeys and also the chronic respiratory disease of chickens
Mycoplasma gallisepticum
Describe mycoplasma gallisepticum on a culture
Round fried egg colonies and the ability to agglutinate erythrocytes
How is mycoplasma gallisepticum transmitted / how does it cause disease
Transovarian, horizontally through aerosols, or as a normal inhabitant of the upper respiratory tract
You see a turkey with swollen sinuses - what is your top differential
Mycoplasma gallisepticum
How do you diagnose chronic respiratory disease of chickens
PCR
When do 4a vaccinate turkeys for infectious sinusitis (mg) infection
Never - vaccine will kill turkeys - only give to chickens
What is the causative agent of infectious coryza in chickens
Avibacterium / haemophilus paragallinarum
Describe infectious coryza in chickens - who does it primarily affect and who does it not affect
Rapid spreading debilitating upper respiratory infection in laying hens - does not affect turkeys
What are Classic clinical signs of infectious coryza in chickens
Reduced egg production, reduced feed consumption, oculonasal discharge, edema of face and eyelids
What are Classic clinical signs of infectious coryza in chickens
Reduced egg production, reduced feed consumption, oculonasal discharge, edema of face and eyelids
What is the main source of infection for infections coryza (h. Paragallinarum)
Chronically sick birds and subclinical carrier birds
You see a chicken with swollen eyelids and edema in the face - what is the top differential
Avibacterium paragallinarium
What is pathopneumonic for histomoniasis / blackhead
Cecal and liver lesions together
What happens with histiomoniasis infection
Leads to marked inflammation and elections leading to thickening of the cecal wall
What do gram positive pleomorphic rods found in the liver indicate
Erysipelis
What is amprolium used for
Treat coccidiosis
What is Candida albicans where is it normally found
Fungus normally found in the digestive tract of poultry-chicks specifically
Can chickens and turkeys develop West Nile virus
No evidence they develop clinical disease
What do you do if you suspect fowl plaque
Contact state - economies risk because it is an avian influenza that readily mutates
An enlarged vagus and sciatic nerve on necropsy indicates
Mareks disease
An enlarged vagus and sciatic nerve on necropsy indicates
Mareks disease
What is the causative agent of fowl plaque
Avian influenza virus
You see cyanosis and edema of head/comb/wattle on chickens - what is your top differential and what do you do
Fowl plaque/avian influenza - report due to mutation concerns
What type of virus is Newcastle disease
Paramyxovirus - hemagluttinating virus
Is Newcastle disease zoonotic
Yes - can cause conjunctivitis
What causes infectious coryza and how does it present
Haemophilus paragallinarum - respiratory disease and swelling under the eyes in older chickens
What causes fowl cholera and how dues it present
Pasteurella multocida - mucous discharge from mouth, white diarrhea, petechiae, pericardial fluid
How do you treat clostridium perfringers causing necrotic enteritis
Penicillin in drinking water
What is the withdrawal time for amprolium
No withdrawal time
