Optho

Question 1

Where is the aqueous tear film layer produced

Answer 1

Lacrimal glad and gland of 3rd eyelid

Question 2

The meibomian glands produce which lower of the tear films

Answer 2

Lipid portion

Question 3

• Is defined as increased opacity in the lens

Answer 3

Cataracts

Question 4

What is the most common cause of cataracts in cats versus dogs

Answer 4

Cats - anterior uveitis
Dogs - diabetes mellitus

Question 5

What is the treatment for cataracts

Answer 5

Phacoemulsification

Question 6

Which breeds are predisposed to glaucoma

Answer 6

Purebreds, cocker spaniels, basset hounds, beagles

Question 7

What is the cause of primary glaucoma

Answer 7

Compromised iridiocorneal angle yang leading to decreased aqeous flow and pressure build up

Question 8

What can cause secondary glaucoma

Answer 8

Anterior uveitis blocking the iridiocorneal angle, intraocular neoplasia, diabetes

Question 9

Bupthalomus in the face of glaucoma indicates _

Answer 9

Chronicity

Question 10

What are clinical signs of glaucoma

Answer 10

Ocular pain, corneal edema, bupthalomus, tapetal hyperreflectivity, corneal fibrosis, mydriasis, lens luxation

Question 11

What is the goal of treating glaucoma - what can you use

Answer 11

Increase outflow of aqueous humor or decrease production - can use IV mannitol to decrease IOP, topical carbonic anhydrous inhibitor like methazolonide to decrease IOP or topical latonoprost

Question 12

What is the goal of treating glaucoma - what can you use

Answer 12

Increase outflow of aqueous humor or decrease production - can use IV mannitol to decrease IOP, topical carbonic anhydrous inhibitor like methazolonide to decrease IOP or topical latonoprost

Question 13

What are clinical signs of anterior uveitis

Answer 13

Rubidiosis iridis (neovascularization of iris), hypopion (white layer on bottom of eye), hyphema, keratin precipitates

Question 14

Do you worry about KCS with anterior uveitis

Answer 14

No - dues not extend to lacrimal gland

Question 15

What are clinical signs of chorioretinitis

Answer 15

Poorly defined gray spots in the fundus, hyper reflectivity, retinal hemorrhage

Question 16

What is aniscoria - what can cause it

Answer 16

One dilated pupil, one constricted pupil - head trauma

Question 17

Proptosis is common in - breeds and should be treated by

Answer 17

Brachycephalics - treat by replacing globe and temporary tarrshaphy for 3 weeks

Question 18

What are clinical signs of a retrobulbar abscess

Answer 18

Systemically ill (anorexia, leukocytosis), exophthalmos, acutely paint - can retropulse the eye with minimal resistance

Question 19

What breeds commonly experience lens luxation - how do you treat

Answer 19

Terriers - if posterior luxation do nothing, if anterior reed immediate removal due to risk of uveitis or glaucoma

Question 20

TMS, atropine and general anesthetics can all lead to

Answer 20

Kerato conjunctivitis sick

Question 21

What is the most common cause of KCS

Answer 21

Immune mediated adenitis

Question 22

How does canine distemper virus affect the eye

Answer 22

Can cause KCS

Question 23

Cherry eye is used to describe what clinical condition

Answer 23

Prolapsed 3rd eyelid

Question 24

What is the difference between a uveal cyst and uveal melanoma

Answer 24

Cyst - brown, round circular and free floating ( very smooth circles)
Melanoma - brown, round and circular , non free floating, less smooth shape

Question 25

What is the most common ocular tumor in dogs

Answer 25

Meibomian gland adenoma - mass attached to outside of eyelid