Post Seg Trauma Flashcards
Blunt Ocular Trauma causes…..
vitreous hemorrhage
commotio retinae
retinal break/ detachment
choroidal rupture
Globe Rupture
full thickness wound
suspected when AC depth deeper and IOP lower (5+) than other eye
Tx of Globe Rupture
surgery
Dx Globe Rupture
imaging- ultrasound, CT, MRI
Traumatic Vitreous Hemorrhage
often has PVD
pigment cells in ant vitreous
ultrasound to rule out RD
Tx for Traumatic Vitreous Hemorrhage
clear over weeks - months
vitrectomy if does not clear
Commotio Retinae
retinal whitening following blunt ocular trauma
opacification from retinal edema
eventually resolves
Symptoms of Commotio Retinae
asymptomatic
permanent vision loss from pigmentary degeneration or macular hole
Signs of Commotio Retinae
clouding of retina
cherry red macula
Choroidal Rupture
split in choroid/ Bruch’s/ RPE
appears as streak of bare sclera, often obscured by subretinal hemorrhage
Retinal Dialysis
tearing of retina at ora serrata
Tramatic Macular Hole
at time of injury or following resolution of commotio retinae
irregular borders
Breaks caused by trauma
retinal dialysis
equatorial break
traumatic macular hole
Secondary Problems to Penetrating Trauma
RD
infection
FB damage
Mx Penetrating Trauma
cover eye with protective shield and schedule surgery
Foreign Body Damage
direct mechanical damage
introducing infection
toxic effects from metals
Siderosis
deposits of iron in retina leading to degenerative retinopathy
Copper Foreign Body Damage
causes severe endophthalmitis reaction
Chalcosis
from brass/ bronze
deposits copper intraocularly with no retinopathy
vision preserved
Valsalva Retinopathy
capillary rupture from acute increase of intrathoracic or intra-abdominal pressure
Causes of Valsalva Retinopathy
coughing, vomiting, straining, shitting
Shaken Baby Syndrome
secondary to child abuse
bilateral hemorrhages involving multiple retinal layers
poor visual and pupil responses
lethargy and vomiting
Terson’s Syndrome
intraocular hemorrhage associated with acute intracranial bleeding
sudden increase in ICP ruptures capillaries around ON
presents with extreme headache or previous stroke
Purtscher’s Retinopathy
Intraretinal hemorrhages and patches of retinal whitening from compressive trauma
severe vision loss within days of crushing injury to chest or head
