More Vascular Disorders Flashcards
Sickle Cell Retinopathy
RBCs become misshapen and cause ischemia at areas of small blood vessels
Symptoms of Sickle Cell Retinopathy
Asymptomatic
reduced central vision- macular ischemia
floaters- NV and vitreal heme
Signs of Sickle Cell Retinopathy
Salmon patch hemorrhage
black sunbursts
peripheral NV
Managing Sickle Cell Retinopathy
peripheral NV resolve most of time
vitreoretinal surgery for persistent vitreal hemorrhages
manage systemic
Retinopathy of Prematurity
neovascular disorder of developing retina
premature infants
bilateral
Symptoms of Retinopathy of Prematurity
none- babies
vision loss from macular distortion or retinal detachment
Pathophysiology of Retinopathy of Prematurity
early birth stops VEGF production- vessels dont extend into periphery
metabolic demand increases with growth - more VEGF- neovascularization
Signs of Retinopathy of Prematurity
- demarcation line
- elevated ridge
- NV, into vitreous
- partial RD
- Total RD
Managing Retinopathy of Prematurity
<30 weeks or <3.3lbs put into screening program
10% require treatment
laser of avascular area
Risks after regression of Retinopathy of Prematurity
strabismus, myopia, cataracts, macular ectopia
Retinal Macroaneurysm
local dilation of retinal artery
unilateral
most patients have systemic hypertension
Symptoms of Retinal Arterial Macroaneurysm
asymptomatic if macula uninvolved
blurred/ distorted vision if macula affected
floaters- vitreous hemorrhage
Signs of Retinal Arterial Macroaneurysm
arterial dilation, usually on temporal arcades
leaking, can cause hard exudates around
Treatment of Retinal Arterial Macroaneurysm
most resolve and don’t need treatment
laser to adjacent areas to seal off leakage- needed when there is vision loss
Primary Retinal Telangiectasia
persistent dilation of preexisting small blood vessels
not caused by any other conditions
