Fungal Infections

Question 1

Fungal Endophthalmitis

Answer 1

infection by Candida or other fungus

associated with catheters, IV drug use, chronic lung disease, immunosuppression

Question 2

Signs of Fungal Endophthalmitis

Answer 2

slow progression
bilateral
creamy white chorioretinal lesions with vitritis
vitreous colonies- cotton balls
progress to retinal necrosis and detachment

Question 3

Fungal Endophthalmitis Appearance

Answer 3

stalk in retina budding into vitreous

thin string connecting

Question 4

Diagnosis for Fungal Endophthalmitis

Answer 4

vitreous biopsy

Question 5

Treatment for Fungal Endophthalmitis

Answer 5

systemic anti-fungals

vitrectomy

Question 6

Cause of Ocular Histoplasmosis

Answer 6

inhalation of Histoplasma capsulatum

common in dirt around Mississippi River Valleys

Question 7

Symptoms of Ocular Histoplasmosis

Answer 7

asymptomatic

Question 8

Signs of Ocular Histoplasmosis

Answer 8

punched out chorioretinal scars (histo spots)
peripapillary scars
no vitiritis

Question 9

Tx of Ocular Histoplasmosis

Answer 9

none if asymptommatic

monitor with home Amsler grid

Question 10

Cause of Cryptococcosis

Answer 10

yeast Cryptococcus neoformans

pigeon poop

Question 11

Patients at risk for Cryptococcosis

Answer 11

immune compromised

alcoholics

Question 12

Signs of Cryptococcosis

Answer 12

papilledema
EOM palsies
ptosis
optic neuropathy
focal choroidal infiltrates

Question 13

Diagnosing Cryptococcosis

Answer 13

culture

CSF spores

Question 14

Tx of Cryptococcosis

Answer 14

IV or oral anti-fungals

Question 15

Cause of Choroidal Pneumocystosis

Answer 15

Pneumocystis jirovecii

Question 16

Most common opportunistic infection in AIDS patients

Answer 16

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia