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Posterior Segment Disease > Edematous and Exudative Disorders of the Macula > Flashcards

Edematous and Exudative Disorders of the Macula Flashcards

1
Q

Cystoid Macular Edema

A

accumulation of fluid in cyst-like intraretinal spaces in foveal region

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2
Q

CME can eventually cause…..

A

lamellar macular hole

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3
Q

Causes of Cystoid Macular Edema

A

surgery
inflammation
retinal vascular disorders

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4
Q

Pathophysiology of CME

A

fluid comes from breakdown of blood retina barrier, muller cell abnormalities, diffusion of mediators

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5
Q

Appearance of Cystoid Macular Edema

A

spoke pattern around macula
loss of foveal depression
cystoid areas

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6
Q

Tx of Cystoid Macular Edema

A

treat underlying cause
monitor
NSAIDs or steroids (topical)

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7
Q

Central Serous Chorioretinopathy

CSCR

A

idiopathic serous detachment of macula

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8
Q

Pathophysiology of Central Serous Chorioretinopathy

A

fluid from leaky choriocapillaris filters up through defects in RPE and accumulates b/t neurosensory retina and RPE

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9
Q

Appearance of CSCR

A

bubble/ blister of clear, serous fluid

retina pushed up

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10
Q

Conditions Associated with CSCR

A

type A personality
lupus
sleep apnea

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11
Q

Pathophysiology of CSCR

A

increased levels of glucocorticoids, leading to…
increased permeability of choroidal BV
defective RPE/ blood retinal barrier

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12
Q

Tx for Central Serous Chorioretinopathy

A

monitor for resolution
steroids
photodynamic therapy

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13
Q

Chronic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy

aka Diffuse Retinal Pigment Epitheliopathy

A

more severe CSCR
more pigmentary changes and PEDs
worse prognosis

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14
Q

Demographics for Chronic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy

A

50+

Asians and Hispanics

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15
Q

Mx of Chronic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy

A 
laser photocoagulation (controversial)
photodynamic therapy
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16
Q

Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy

A

polyp-like aneurysmal endings of inner choroidal vessels

can cause exudation at macula

17
Q

Pathophysiology of Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy

A

clusters of choroidal vessels form terminal polyps beneath RPE
polyps leak, causing serous or hemorrhagic detachments of retina and RPE

18
Q

Symptoms of Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy

A

sudden visual impairment of one eye

19
Q

Signs of Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy

A

reddish-orange nodules near disc or macula

multiple recurrent serosanguinous PEDs and RD

20
Q

Demographics of Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy

A

~60

African or East Asian

21
Q

Mx of Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy

A

monitor for resolution
PDT
ant-VEGF
laser

Posterior Segment Disease (27 decks)

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