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Posterior Segment Disease > Bacterial Infections > Flashcards

Bacterial Infections Flashcards

1
Q

Acute PostOp Endophthalmitis

A

intraocular infection after recent intraocular surgery

within 6 weeks

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2
Q

Surgeries likely to cause Acute PostOp Endophthalmitis

A

cataract and PKP
vitrectomy
filtering blebs

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3
Q

Causes of Endophthalmitis

A

Gram + = Staph epiderimidis
Gram -
fungal, protozoan, parasitic, viral

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4
Q

Symptoms of Endophthalmitis

A

abrupt onset of floaters, decreased vision, and eye pain

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5
Q

Signs of Endophthalmitis

A

hypopyon and fibrinous exudates in AC

Vitritis

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6
Q

Diagnosing Endophthalmitis

A

ultrasound to see behind and view vitritis; show scleral- choroidal thickening
culturing vitreal sample
AC and conj swabs

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7
Q

Endophthalmitis Tx

A

HM or better- intravitreal antibiotics
LP- pars plana vitrectomy followed by intravitreal antibiotics
steroids to limit inflammation

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8
Q

Prognosis for Endophthalmitis with S. epidermidis

A

better than 20/40 with Tx

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9
Q

Prognosis for Endophthalmitis with S. aureus, Strep, and gram -

A

poor

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10
Q

Delayed Onset PostOp Endophthalmitis

A

can occur years after surgery

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11
Q

Symptoms of Delayed Onset PostOp Endophthalmitis

A

gradual onset of decreased vision and photophobia

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12
Q

Signs of Delayed Onset of PostOP Endophthalmitis

A 
vitritis
low grade grade anterior uveitis
keratic precipitates
hypopyon
white plaque on IOL or post capsule
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13
Q

Bleb- Associated Endophthalmitis

A

can occur anytime after glaucoma filtering surgery

more frequent with anti-metabolites and for inferior blebs

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14
Q

Tx for Bleb- Associated Endophthalmitis

A

antibiotics initially for blebitis

intravitreal antibiotics

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15
Q

Traumatic Endophthalmitis

A

infection following penetration injury

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16
Q

Symptoms of Traumatic Endophthalmitis

A

decreased vision

increased pain after injury

17
Q

Signs of Traumatic Endophthalmitis

A

hypopyon with increase of vitritis

18
Q

Patients Susceptible to Endogenous Endophthalmitis

A

Septic
immunocompromised
IV drug users; indwelling catheters

19
Q

Symptoms of Endogenous Endophthalmitis

A 
pain
progressively blurred vision
floaters
photophobia
headache
systemic unhealthiness
20
Q

Signs of Endogenous Endophthalmitis

A

swollen lids and corneal edema
anterior uveitis
focal subretinal abscess/ heme
vitreous haze/ abscess

21
Q

Confirming Endogenous Endophthalmitis

A

ocular cultures

cultures of blood, urine, catheter tips

22
Q

Cause of Syphillis

A

Treponema pallidum

23
Q

Primary Phase of Syphillis

A

painless ulcer (chancre) at site of infection

24
Q

Secondary Phase of Syphillis

A

rash on trunk, palms, soles of feet

anterior and posterior uveitis

25
Q

Tertiary Phase of Syphillis

A

neurosyphillis
cardiovascular problems
Argyll Robertson pupil

26
Q

Diagnosis of Ocular Syphillis

A

blood/ CSF tests

27
Q

Treatment for Syphillis

A

IV or IM penicillin

28
Q

Cause of Ocular Tuberculosis

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis/ bovis

29
Q

Ocular Tuberculosis

A

chronic granulomatis infection

can affect anterior or posterior segments, orbit, around lid

30
Q

Spread of Tuburculosis

A

inhalation

31
Q

Signs of Ocular Tuberculosis

A

anterior uveitis
granulomas
periphlebitis

32
Q

Tuburculosis Granulomas can appear on…

A

choroid

retina

33
Q

Tx for Ocular Tuburculosis

A

oral antibiotics

34
Q

Cause of Lyme Disease

A

Borrelia burgdorferi

tick bite

35
Q

Lyme Disease can cause…..

A

choroiditis
neuroretinitis
periphlebitis
skin rash at bite size

36
Q

Tx for Lyme Disease

A

oral/ IV antibiotics

37
Q

Cat Scratch Disease

A

from cat bites or scratches, normally kittens

38
Q

Cat Scratch Disease causes….

A

macular stars

neuroretinitis

Posterior Segment Disease (27 decks)

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