PORTAL HYPERTENSION/ASCITES

Question 1

is the increased pressure throughout the portal venous system that result from obstruction of blood flow into and through the damaged liver.

Answer 1

Portal Hypertension

Question 2

Portal Hypertension is commonly associated with

Answer 2

Hepatic Cirrhosis

Question 3

common manifestation of portal hypertension

Answer 3

Splenomegaly (enlarged spleen)

Question 4

two major consequences of portal hypertension are

Answer 4

*Ascites
*Varices

Question 5

are common presenting symptoms of ascites.

Answer 5

Increased abdominal girth and rapid weight

Question 6

The presence of fluid can be confirmed by

Answer 6

*percussing for shifting dullness
*by detecting a fluid wave

Question 7

is most often the first-line therapy in patients with ascites from cirrhosis

Answer 7

Spironolactone, an aldosterone blocking agent

Question 9

what position is associated with activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system

Answer 9

Upright posture

Question 10

is the removal of fluid (ascites) from the peritoneal cavity through a puncture or a small surgical incision through the abdominal wall.

Answer 10

Paracentesis

Question 11

may be indicated in some patients who are at high risk for bleeding because of an abnormal coagulation profile

Answer 11

Ultrasound

Question 12

is a safe method for treating patients with severe ascites.

Answer 12

Large-volume (5 to 6 L) Paracentesis

Question 13

is a method of treating ascites in which a cannula is threaded into the portal vein by the transjugular route.

Answer 13

Transjugular Intrahepatic Protosystemic Shunts (TIPS)

Question 14

is an effective management strategy for refractive ascites.

Answer 14

Transjugular Intrahepatic Protosystemic Shunts (TIPS)