Physiology - Pregnancy , labour and lactation Flashcards
how much does cardiac output rise by 20 weeks conception
a.40%
b.60%
c.70%
d.80%
a.40%
how much does blood volume rise during pregnancy
a.40%
b.60%
c.70%
d.80%
e.20%
e.20%
what happens to renal reabsorption of nacl and h2o in pregnancy due to the mineralocrticoid like effects of sex steroids
a.increase
b.decrease
a.increase
what happens to GFR in pregenancy
a.increase
b.decrease
a.increase
directly and indirectly as CO increases
pregnant women are prone to anaemia due to additional requirement of ..
a.iron
b.iodine
c.calcium
a.iron
demineralisation of maternal bones occurs in defficinecy of what in the fetus
a.iron
b.iodine
c.calcium
d.potassium
c.calcium
what are the 3 stages of parturition (birth)
dilation of the cervix
expulsion of the foetus
delivery of the placenta
which hormone causes the uterus to become more excitable and more connected by gap junctions
a. relaxin
b.hcg
c. progesterone
d.oestrogen
d.oestrogen
what happens to prostaglandin synthesis and number of oxytocin receptors during pregnancy
a.increases
b.decreases
a.increases
Production of what substance increases in the fetus in the final trimester
a.CRH
b.oestorgen
c.relaxin
a.CRH
increases foetal ACTH and cortisol
which substance is vital to maturity of the foetal respiratory system
a.CRH
b.ACTH
c.cortisol
c.cortisol
how long does stage 1 of labour (dilation) take
a. 8-24 hrs
b.2-5 hrs
c.5-15 hrs
a. 8-24 hrs
what is the correct order of the stages of labour
dilation
birth
placenta delivery
the babies head and myometrial contractions dilating the cervix occurs in which stage of labour
dilation
birth
placenta delivery
dilation
stretch on the cervix as it is dilated by the babys head causes a reflex release of which hormone from the posterior pituitary of the mother that acts on the myometrium to further increase contraction (+ve feedback)
a.cortisol
b.CRH
c.oxytocin
d.oestrogen
c.oxytocin
when does the second stage of labour start
a.cervix dilated 5cm
b.cervix dilated 8cm
c. cervic dilated 10cm
d.cervix dilated to 15 cm
c. cervic dilated 10cm
which stage of labour involves the head exiting the cervix triggering reflexes that contract the abdominal muscles (lasts 30-90 mins)
a.dilation
b.birth
c.placental delivery
b.birth
what is delivered along with the placenta
a.wall of contracted uterus
b. amniotic sac
a.wall of contracted uterus
a reduction in which two hormones occurs following the delivery of the placenta leading to a regression of the decidual endometrium giving post birth discharge (lochia)
a.oestrogen and progesterone
b.oestrogen and relaxin
c.oxytocin and oestrogen
a.oestrogen and progesterone
increased amounts of which two hormones allow for development of the breasts to become milk secreting organs
a.oestrogen and progesterone
b.oestrogen and relaxin
c.oxytocin and oestrogen
a.oestrogen and progesterone
which hormone promotes duct development in the breasts
a.oestrogen
b.progesterone
c.prolactin
d.human chorionic somatomammotropin
a.oestrogen
which hormone enlarges the terminal secretory portions of the glands in the breasts
a.oestrogen
b.progesterone
c.prolactin
d.human chorionic somatomammotropin
b.progesterone
which hormones act to develop the enzymes for milk production
a.oestrogen
b.progesterone
c.prolactin
d.human chorionic somatomammotropin
c.prolactin
d.human chorionic somatomammotropin
which two hormones prevent milk producton prior to birth
a.oestrogen and progesterone
b.oestrogen and relaxin
c.oxytocin and oestrogen
a.oestrogen and progesterone
mechanical stimulation of the nipple causes decrease in the secretion of PIH leading to release of which homrone
a.oestrogen
b.progesterone
c.prolactin
d.human chorionic somatomammotropin
c.prolactin
PIH - prolactin inhibiting homrone
initiates and maintains
(secretion)
release of which hormone form the post pituuitary causes contraction of the smooth muscle surrounding the secretory alveoli
a.oestrogen
b.progesterone
c.prolactin
d.human chorionic somatomammotropin
e.oxytocin
oxytocin
(milk ejection)
colustrum has…
a.more protein, less fat and lactose
b.less protein, more fat and lactose
a.more protein, less fat and lactose
which antibodies are found in colustrum
a.igG
b.IgA
c.IgM
b.IgA
