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GERR > Physiology - Pregnancy , labour and lactation > Flashcards

Physiology - Pregnancy , labour and lactation Flashcards

1
Q

how much does cardiac output rise by 20 weeks conception

a.40%
b.60%
c.70%
d.80%

A

a.40%

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2
Q

how much does blood volume rise during pregnancy

a.40%
b.60%
c.70%
d.80%
e.20%

A

e.20%

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3
Q

what happens to renal reabsorption of nacl and h2o in pregnancy due to the mineralocrticoid like effects of sex steroids

a.increase
b.decrease

A

a.increase

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4
Q

what happens to GFR in pregenancy

a.increase
b.decrease

A

a.increase

directly and indirectly as CO increases

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5
Q

pregnant women are prone to anaemia due to additional requirement of ..

a.iron
b.iodine
c.calcium

A

a.iron

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6
Q

demineralisation of maternal bones occurs in defficinecy of what in the fetus

a.iron
b.iodine
c.calcium
d.potassium

A

c.calcium

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7
Q

what are the 3 stages of parturition (birth)

A

dilation of the cervix
expulsion of the foetus
delivery of the placenta

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8
Q

which hormone causes the uterus to become more excitable and more connected by gap junctions

a. relaxin
b.hcg
c. progesterone
d.oestrogen

A

d.oestrogen

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9
Q

what happens to prostaglandin synthesis and number of oxytocin receptors during pregnancy

a.increases
b.decreases

A

a.increases

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10
Q

Production of what substance increases in the fetus in the final trimester

a.CRH
b.oestorgen
c.relaxin

A

a.CRH

increases foetal ACTH and cortisol

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11
Q

which substance is vital to maturity of the foetal respiratory system

a.CRH
b.ACTH
c.cortisol

A

c.cortisol

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12
Q

how long does stage 1 of labour (dilation) take

a. 8-24 hrs
b.2-5 hrs
c.5-15 hrs

A

a. 8-24 hrs

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13
Q

what is the correct order of the stages of labour

A

dilation
birth
placenta delivery

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14
Q

the babies head and myometrial contractions dilating the cervix occurs in which stage of labour

dilation
birth
placenta delivery

A

dilation

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15
Q

stretch on the cervix as it is dilated by the babys head causes a reflex release of which hormone from the posterior pituitary of the mother that acts on the myometrium to further increase contraction (+ve feedback)

a.cortisol
b.CRH
c.oxytocin
d.oestrogen

A

c.oxytocin

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16
Q

when does the second stage of labour start

a.cervix dilated 5cm
b.cervix dilated 8cm
c. cervic dilated 10cm
d.cervix dilated to 15 cm

A

c. cervic dilated 10cm

17
Q

which stage of labour involves the head exiting the cervix triggering reflexes that contract the abdominal muscles (lasts 30-90 mins)

a.dilation
b.birth
c.placental delivery

18
Q

what is delivered along with the placenta

a.wall of contracted uterus
b. amniotic sac

A

a.wall of contracted uterus

19
Q

a reduction in which two hormones occurs following the delivery of the placenta leading to a regression of the decidual endometrium giving post birth discharge (lochia)

a.oestrogen and progesterone
b.oestrogen and relaxin
c.oxytocin and oestrogen

A

a.oestrogen and progesterone

20
Q

increased amounts of which two hormones allow for development of the breasts to become milk secreting organs

a.oestrogen and progesterone
b.oestrogen and relaxin
c.oxytocin and oestrogen

A

a.oestrogen and progesterone

21
Q

which hormone promotes duct development in the breasts

a.oestrogen
b.progesterone
c.prolactin
d.human chorionic somatomammotropin

A

a.oestrogen

22
Q

which hormone enlarges the terminal secretory portions of the glands in the breasts

a.oestrogen
b.progesterone
c.prolactin
d.human chorionic somatomammotropin

A

b.progesterone

23
Q

which hormones act to develop the enzymes for milk production

a.oestrogen
b.progesterone
c.prolactin
d.human chorionic somatomammotropin

A

c.prolactin
d.human chorionic somatomammotropin

24
Q

which two hormones prevent milk producton prior to birth

a.oestrogen and progesterone
b.oestrogen and relaxin
c.oxytocin and oestrogen

A

a.oestrogen and progesterone

25
Q

mechanical stimulation of the nipple causes decrease in the secretion of PIH leading to release of which homrone

a.oestrogen
b.progesterone
c.prolactin
d.human chorionic somatomammotropin

A

c.prolactin

PIH - prolactin inhibiting homrone
initiates and maintains

(secretion)

26
Q

release of which hormone form the post pituuitary causes contraction of the smooth muscle surrounding the secretory alveoli

a.oestrogen
b.progesterone
c.prolactin
d.human chorionic somatomammotropin
e.oxytocin

A

oxytocin

(milk ejection)

27
Q

colustrum has…

a.more protein, less fat and lactose

b.less protein, more fat and lactose

A

a.more protein, less fat and lactose

28
Q

which antibodies are found in colustrum

a.igG
b.IgA
c.IgM

GERR (53 decks)

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